蒙古文 (Unicode区段)
| 蒙古文 Mongolian | |
|---|---|
| 範圍 | U+1800..U+18AF （176個碼位） |
| 平面 | 基本多文種平面（BMP） |
| 文字 | 蒙古文（153个字符） 通用（3个字符） |
| 應用 | 蒙古文（胡都木、托忒） 满文 锡伯文 |
| 已分配 | 158個碼位 |
| 未分配 | 18個保留碼位 |
| Unicode版本歷史 | |
| 3.0 | 155 (+155) |
| 5.1 | 156 (+1) |
| 11.0 | 157 (+1) |
| 14.0 | 158 (+1) |
| 註釋：[1][2] | |
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本页面有蒙古文字母，操作系统及浏览器須支持特殊字母与符号才能正確显示为蒙古文字母，否则可能變成未成連寫體的字母或其他符號。 |
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本页面有满文字母，操作系统及浏览器須支持特殊字母与符号才能正確显示为滿文字母，否则可能變成未成連寫體的字母或其他符號。 |
| 本页面有锡伯文字母，操作系统及浏览器須支持特殊字母与符号才能正確显示为锡伯文字母，否则可能變成未成連寫體的字母或其他符號。 |
蒙古文Unicode区段是包含胡都木蒙古文[註 1]、托忒蒙古文、满文、锡伯文字符的Unicode区段。[3]:528其书写方向为
由上至下，並由左至右。在Unicode官方的字符表中该区段的字符被逆时针旋转90度显示[3]:529[4]。
胡都木蒙古文和满文[註 2]使用的字符中包括一些用于翻译佛教经文的阿礼嘎礼字母。[3]:528
Unicode标准中为该区段的字符定义了数十个变体序列，用以在无法通过算法自动判断时指定具体应显示的变体形式。[5]
区段内容
本区段中发音不同但书写形状相同的字母被看作不同的字母，具有不同的码位。例如胡都木蒙古文字母O编码为U+1823，U编码为U+1824，但表现出的形状是一样的。[3]:530
| 蒙古文 Mongolian[1][2] Unicode 联盟官方码表（PDF） | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+180x | ᠀ | ᠁ | ᠂ | ᠃ | ᠄ | ᠅ | ᠆ | ᠇ | ᠈ | ᠉ | ᠊ | FV S1 |
FV S2 |
FV S3 |
MV S |
FV S4 |
| U+181x | ᠐ | ᠑ | ᠒ | ᠓ | ᠔ | ᠕ | ᠖ | ᠗ | ᠘ | ᠙ | ||||||
| U+182x | ᠠ | ᠡ | ᠢ | ᠣ | ᠤ | ᠥ | ᠦ | ᠧ | ᠨ | ᠩ | ᠪ | ᠫ | ᠬ | ᠭ | ᠮ | ᠯ |
| U+183x | ᠰ | ᠱ | ᠲ | ᠳ | ᠴ | ᠵ | ᠶ | ᠷ | ᠸ | ᠹ | ᠺ | ᠻ | ᠼ | ᠽ | ᠾ | ᠿ |
| U+184x | ᡀ | ᡁ | ᡂ | ᡃ | ᡄ | ᡅ | ᡆ | ᡇ | ᡈ | ᡉ | ᡊ | ᡋ | ᡌ | ᡍ | ᡎ | ᡏ |
| U+185x | ᡐ | ᡑ | ᡒ | ᡓ | ᡔ | ᡕ | ᡖ | ᡗ | ᡘ | ᡙ | ᡚ | ᡛ | ᡜ | ᡝ | ᡞ | ᡟ |
| U+186x | ᡠ | ᡡ | ᡢ | ᡣ | ᡤ | ᡥ | ᡦ | ᡧ | ᡨ | ᡩ | ᡪ | ᡫ | ᡬ | ᡭ | ᡮ | ᡯ |
| U+187x | ᡰ | ᡱ | ᡲ | ᡳ | ᡴ | ᡵ | ᡶ | ᡷ | ᡸ | |||||||
| U+188x | ᢀ | ᢁ | ᢂ | ᢃ | ᢄ | ᢅ | ᢆ | ᢇ | ᢈ | ᢉ | ᢊ | ᢋ | ᢌ | ᢍ | ᢎ | ᢏ |
| U+189x | ᢐ | ᢑ | ᢒ | ᢓ | ᢔ | ᢕ | ᢖ | ᢗ | ᢘ | ᢙ | ᢚ | ᢛ | ᢜ | ᢝ | ᢞ | ᢟ |
| U+18Ax | ᢠ | ᢡ | ᢢ | ᢣ | ᢤ | ᢥ | ᢦ | ᢧ | ᢨ | ᢩ | ᢪ | |||||
| 注释 | ||||||||||||||||
变体形式
本区段的同一个字符可能有多个变体，Unicode使用自由变体选择符（FVS，Free Variant Selector）来选择不同变体。FVS有3个，分别是FVS1（U+180B）、FVS2（U+180C）、FVS3（U+180D）。在特定字符的后面加上FVS能够改变字符的形态，这样的字符+FVS的组合称为标准变体（standardized variant）。[3]:532[6]:33,34全部的标准变体见下表。[7]
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历史
以下文件记录了此区段的建立目的与各字符的定义过程。
| 版本 | 码位[a] | 码点数量 | L2 ID | WG2 ID | 文件 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.0 | U+1800..180E, 1810..1819, 1820..1877, 1880..18A9 | 155 | X3L2/93-066 | N836 | Whistler, Ken, Proposal for disposition of Chinese Comments on Mongolian characters in DIS 1.2, 1992-06-27 |
| X3L2/94-086 | N1011 | A proposal about installing Mongolian, Todo, Xibe (Manchu included) scripts into ISO/IEC 10646 BMP, 1994-04-18 | |||
| X3L2/95-133 | Correspondence from the National Body of Mongolia regarding Coded character set for the Mongolian Script, 1995-10-23 | ||||
| X3L2/96-054 | N1368 | Mongolian script proposal, 1996-04-10 | |||
| X3L2/96-055 | N1383 | Ad hoc report on Mongolian script - Copenhagen meeting, 1996-04-25 | |||
| X3L2/96-102 | N1437 | Report of 3rd international Mongolian encoding meeting, 1996-08-06 | |||
| X3L2/96-103 | N1438 | Draft on encoding Mongolian character set, 1996-08-08 | |||
| X3L2/96-113 | Gang, Mao Yong, About the function of identifiers of Mongolian Proposal, 1996-11-10 | ||||
| L2/97-028 | N1497 | Moore, Richard; et al, On the Use of Control Symbols in the Mongolian Script Encoding, 1997-01-10 | |||
| L2/97-035 | N1515 | Moore, Richard; et al, Report of the ad-hoc group on Mongolian encoding, 1997-01-23 | |||
| L2/97-152 | N1607 | Mongolian proposal review, 1997-06-20 | |||
| L2/97-165 | N1622 | Corff, Oliver, Comments on Technical Issues of Mongolian in N 1515 and N1607, 1997-07-03 | |||
| L2/98-088 | N1711 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | The Working Meeting on Mongolian Encoding Attended by Representatives of China and Mongolia, 1998-02-15 | |||
| L2/98-104 | N1734 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Whistler, Ken, Comments on the Mongolian Encoding Proposal, WG2 N1711, 1998-03-20 | |||
| L2/98-252 | N1833 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Moore, Richard, Feedback on Ken Whistler's Comments on Mongolian Encoding: N 1734, 1998-05-04 | |||
| L2/98-251 | N1808 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Reply to "Proposal WG2 N1734" Raised at the Seattle Meeting Regarding "Proposal WG 2 N1711", 1998-07-09 | |||
| L2/98-272 | Choijingzhab, Mongolian: China's comments to Richard Moore's feedback in L2/98-252, 1998-07-26 | ||||
| L2/98-268R | Whistler, Ken, Analysis and UTC Position Regarding Mongolian Encoding Issues, 1998-07-30 | ||||
| L2/98-369 | N1878 | Report of the meetings of the ad-hoc group on Mongolian; London; 21/22 September, 1998, 1998-09-23 | |||
| L2/98-326 | Subdivision Proposal on JTC 1.02.18.01 for Amendment 29: Mongolian to ISO/IEC 10646-1, 1998-10-28 | ||||
| L2/98-327 | Combined PDAM registration and consideration ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 29, AMENDMENT 29: Mongolian, 1998-10-28 | ||||
| L2/98-389R | Aliprand, Joan, RESOLUTION M35.11, Consent docket re WG2 Resolutions at its Meeting #35 | ||||
| L2/99-075.1 | N1973 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Irish Comments on SC 2 N 3208, 1999-01-19 | |||
| L2/99-074 | Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3207, Subdivision Proposal on JTC 1.02.18.01 for Amendment 29: Mongolian, 1999-02-12 | ||||
| L2/99-075 | N1972 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3208, PDAM ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 29: Mongolian, 1999-02-12 | |||
| L2/99-113 | Text for FPDAM ballot of ISO/IEC 10646, Amd. 29 - Mongolian, 1999-04-06 | ||||
| L2/99-254 | N2068 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3308, ISO 10646-1/FPDAM 29 - Mongolian, 1999-08-19 | |||
| L2/99-303 | N2125 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Disposition of Comments Report on SC 2 N 3308, ISO/IEC 10646-1/FPDAM 29 AMD. 29: Mongolian, 1999-09-20 | |||
| L2/99-304 | N2126 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Paterson, Bruce, Revised Text for FDAM ballot of ISO/IEC 10646-1/FDAM 29, AMENDMENT 29: Mongolian, 1999-10-01 | |||
| L2/99-381 | Final text for ISO/IEC 10646-1, FDAM 29 -- Mongolian, 1999-12-07 | ||||
| L2/00-046 | Summary of FDAM voting: ISO 10646 Amendment 29: Mongolian, 2000-02-15 | ||||
| L2/03-065 | Nelson, Paul; Freytag, Asmus, Use of ZWJ/ZWNJ with Mongolian Variant Selectors and Vowel Separator, 2003-02-13 | ||||
| L2/03-073 | Partridge, Tim, Error Report on Linebreaking of Mongolian Vowel Separator, 2003-02-27 | ||||
| L2/03-039R | Moore, Lisa, Properties - Mongolian Vowel Separator, UTC #94 Minutes, 2003-03-14 | ||||
| L2/05-378 | Muller, Eric, Proposal to change the script property for three Mongolian punctuation marks, 2005-12-05 | ||||
| L2/10-279 | Batjargal, Biligsaikhan; et al, Mongolian Script Rendering Issues, 2010-07-30 | ||||
| L2/11-401 | Iancu, Laurențiu, Proposal to assign the Extender property to U+180A MONGOLIAN NIRUGU, 2011-10-19 | ||||
| L2/12-202 | Esfahbod, Behdad, Proposal to Add Mongolian Letters to ArabicShaping.txt, 2012-06-01 | ||||
| L2/12-360 | Esfahbod, Behdad; Pournader, Roozbeh, Mongolian and 'Phags-Pa Shaping, 2012-11-05 | ||||
| L2/12-343R2 | Moore, Lisa, Properties — Mongolian Shaping, UTC #133 Minutes, 2012-12-04 | ||||
| L2/13-004 | Esfahbod, Behdad, Proposal to change General Category of MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR from Zs to Cf, 2012-12-20 | ||||
| L2/13-011 | Moore, Lisa, Properties — MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR, UTC #134 Minutes, 2013-02-04 | ||||
| L2/13-146 | N4435 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Suignard, Michel, Presentation of vertical scripts, 2013-05-27 | |||
| L2/14-031 | Bell, Aaron; Eck, Greg; Glass, Andrew, Proposal to update the code charts for Mongolian, 2014-01-20 | ||||
| L2/15-304 | Suignard, Michel, Draft Mongolian variation selectors, 2015-08-27 | ||||
| L2/16-041R | Eck, Greg, Mongolian discussion documents, 2016-01-26 | ||||
| L2/16-004 | Moore, Lisa, C.13 Mongolian discussion documents, UTC #146 Minutes, 2016-02-01 | ||||
| L2/16-258 | Eck, Greg, Mongolian Base Forms, Positional Forms, & Variant Forms, 2016-09-19 | ||||
| L2/16-259 | N4753 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Eck, Greg; Rileke, Orlog Ou, WG2 #65 Mongolian Discussion Points, 2016-09-20 | |||
| L2/16-266 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa, 1. Mongolian, Comments on Mongolian, Small Khitan, and other WG2 #65 documents, 2016-09-26 | ||||
| L2/16-297 | N4769 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Anderson, Deborah, Mongolian ad hoc report, 2016-10-27 | |||
| L2/16-342 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu, 11. Mongolian, Recommendations to UTC #149 November 2016 on Script Proposals, 2016-11-07 | ||||
| L2/16-325 | Moore, Lisa, C.5.4, UTC #149 Minutes, 2016-11-18 | ||||
| 5.1 | U+18AA | 1 | L2/06-013 | N3041 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | West, Andrew, Proposal to encode one Manchu ali gali letter, 2006-01-23 |
| L2/06-285 | N3092 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） | Supporting references for WG2 N3041, Manchu Ali Gali, 2006-03-27 | |||
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参见
注释
- ^ Unicode标准中，将胡都木蒙古文称为“Mongolian”，将托忒蒙古文称为“Todo”。
- ^ 满文中的阿礼嘎礼字母请参看满文#转写梵文藏文字母。
参考资料
- ^ Unicode character database. The Unicode Standard. [2018-01-30]. （原始内容存档于2018-03-19）.
- ^ Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard. The Unicode Standard. [2018-01-30]. （原始内容存档于2018-12-25）.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 The Unicode® Standard Version 10.0 – Core Specification (PDF). The Unicode Consortium. [2018-01-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-03-09）.
- ^ Mongolian code chart (PDF). The Unicode Consortium. [2018-01-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-05-06）.
- ^ Unicode Character Database: Standardized Variation Sequences. The Unicode Consortium. [2018-01-30]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-22）.
- ^ Biligsaikhan Batjargal; Garmaabazar Khaltarkhuu; Fuminori Kimura; Akira Maeda. A Study of Traditional Mongolian Script Encodings and Rendering: Use of Unicode in OpenType fonts (PDF). International Journal on Asian Language Processing (中文与东方语文信息处理学会). 2011, 21(1) [2018-01-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-02-24）.
- ^ 满文转写. 太清网. （原始内容存档于2017-07-13）.
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