阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希

阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希
阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希
	伊斯兰国媒体对阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希的文字表述
伊斯蘭國第4任哈里發
	统治期; 2022年11月30日—2023年8月3日
前任	阿布·哈桑·哈希米·库拉希
继任	阿布·哈夫斯·哈希米·库拉希
个人资料
宗教	伊斯兰教逊尼派
军事背景
效忠	伊斯蘭國
参战	反恐战争

阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希（阿拉伯语：أبو الحسين الحسيني القرشي‎，羅馬化：Abū al-Ḥusayn al-Husaynī al-Qurashī；？？—2023年8月3日）是伊斯兰国的第四任哈里发，^{[註 1]}从2022年11月30日开始。伊斯兰国发言人阿布·奥马尔·穆哈吉尔在一段录音中宣布了他的地位，称他的前任阿布·哈桑·哈希米·库拉希在战斗中被杀。^[4]^[5]阿布·侯赛因被描述为伊斯兰国的资深人士和该组织的忠实成员。^[6]2023年1月，一个持不同政见的反伊斯兰国领导渠道声称阿布·侯赛因和他的前任一样是伊拉克人，并由阿卜杜勒·拉乌夫·穆哈吉尔^[7]^[8]（伊斯兰国政府的埃米尔）领导的舒拉委员会任命。^[9]

掌权

阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼在前任领导人阿布·哈桑被美军杀死后接管了伊斯兰国的领导权。伊斯兰国官方发言人阿布·奥马尔·穆哈吉尔在富尔甘（Al-Furqan）媒体基金会（伊斯兰国的主要媒体）广播的音频消息中宣布他为哈里发。

伊斯兰国的领导

截至2023年1月，阿布·侯赛因已收到伊斯兰国所有省份的效忠，^[11]^[12]也收到了一些以前不属于该组织的外部人士的支持承诺。^[13]^[14]

2023年4月30日，土耳其总统埃尔多安宣布，土耳其國家情報局已于前一天殺死了阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼。^[15]^[16]然而美国无法证实土耳其的声明。^[17]

2023年8月3日，伊斯兰国官方发言人表示阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希已死亡^[18]。伊斯兰国表示阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希並非被土耳其軍隊殺死，而是在敘利亞與沙姆解放組織交戰時死亡，沙姆解放組織將其尸體移交給土耳其。伊斯蘭國方面沒有透露阿布·侯赛因·侯赛尼·库拉希死亡的具體日期。^[19]^[20]

注释

^ 伊斯兰国自称为哈里发国，其领导人为哈里发，但这并不为绝大多数穆斯林所接受，并受到多名穆斯林学者和作家的质疑。^[1]^[2]^[3]

参考资料

^ 优素福·卡热达维声明：“根据伊斯兰教法，伊斯兰国发表的声明是无效的，对伊拉克的逊尼派和叙利亚的叛乱具有危险的后果”，并补充说哈里发“只能由整个穆斯林国家授予”，而不能由一个团体授予。 Strange, Hannah. Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi addresses Muslims in Mosul. The Telegraph. 2014-07-05 [2014-07-06]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-12）.
^ Bunzel, Cole. Caliph Incognito: The Ridicule of Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi. www.jihadica.com. [2020-01-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-02）（美国英语）.
^ Hamid, Shadi. What a caliphate really is—and how the Islamic State is not one. Brookings. 2016-11-01 [2020-02-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-01）（美国英语）.
^ Islamic State leader Abu Hasan al-Qurashi killed, names successor. Hindustan Times. 2022-11-30 [2022-11-30]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-28）（英语）.
^ Kourdi, Eyad. ISIS acknowledges the death of its leader, announces his successor. CNN. 2022-11-30 [2023-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-28）（英语）.
^ Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi. "So They Kill or Are Killed"- Islamic State Speech Announcing Death of Leader and Appointment of Successor. 2022-12-02 [2023-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-07）.
^ Tore Refslund Hamming [@ToreRHamming]. Abd al-Raouf al-Muhajir was elected new amir of idarat al-'ammat al-wilayat on 24 June 2020, taking over after the death of Abu Sa'ad al-Shimali t.co/7TqBQCfZtj (推文). 2023-01-04 [2023-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-26） –通过Twitter （英语）.
^ Tore Refslund Hamming [@ToreRHamming]. Arguably the most important leader within the Islamic State. IS supporters are once again sharing an image of Abu Jassim Salman aka Abd al-Raouf al-Muhajir, who is believed to be amir of the General Administration of Provinces that by and large replaced the delegrated committee t.co/WhZ9WRRz2n (推文). 2023-01-04 [2023-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-26） –通过Twitter （英语）.
^ قناة فضح عباد البغدادي والهاشمي （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） ^{[需要較佳来源]}
^ Journalist Rafhaan [@rafhaan08]. Updated t.co/SGMhXWMZm6 (推文). 2022-12-15 [2023-02-23] –通过Twitter （英语）.
^ The Islamic State's Third Bayat Campaign. [2023-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2023-10-13）.
^ How the Targeted Killing of ISIS Leaders Revives the Terror Group's Ideology - HS Today. 2023-01-15 [2023-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）.
^ jihadoScope [@JihadoScope]. Salafi influencer with tens of thousands of followers on social media & on run from Saudi authorities, surfaces in Yemen, releasing video pledging allegiance to ISIS. Tells supporters to watch/listen to Islamic State, underlines potency of jihadist outreach online (推文). 2023-01-12 [2023-02-23] –通过Twitter （英语）.
^ #SaudiArabia One of the mosque preachers in #Riyadh declares in front of the worshipers his loyalty to the current IS leader Abu Al-Husayn.
^ Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan: MİT, DEAŞ'ın sözde liderini etkisiz hale getirdi [President Erdoğan: The so-called leader of the terrorist organization DAESH was neutralized by the operation carried out by the MIT in Syria.]. TRT Haber. 30 April 2023 [30 April 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-03）（土耳其语）.
^ Suspected Islamic State chief Qurayshi killed in Syria, Turkey says. BBC News. 2023-04-30 [2023-05-13]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-19）（英国英语）.
^ US Not Backing Turkish Claims Islamic State Leader is Dead. Voice of America News. 1 May 2023 [2023-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-01）.
^ Islamic State confirms death of its leader, names replacement. Reuters. 2023-08-03 [2023-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-03）（英语）.
^ “伊斯兰国”承认第四任最高头目死亡--国际--人民网. world.people.com.cn. 2023-08-04 [2023-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-18）（中文）.
^ ISIL confirms death of leader Abu Hussein al-Qurashi, names successor. www.aljazeera.com. 2023-08-03 [2023-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-10-10）（英语）.

統治者頭銜
前任者：阿布·哈桑·哈希米·库拉希	伊斯兰国第四任哈里发 2022至2023	繼任者：阿布·哈夫斯·哈希米·库拉希（英语：Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi）

[4] 伊斯兰国自称为哈里发国，其领导人为哈里发，但这并不为绝大多数穆斯林所接受，并受到多名穆斯林学者和作家的质疑。^[1]^[2]^[3]

[1] 优素福·卡热达维声明：“根据伊斯兰教法，伊斯兰国发表的声明是无效的，对伊拉克的逊尼派和叙利亚的叛乱具有危险的后果”，并补充说哈里发“只能由整个穆斯林国家授予”，而不能由一个团体授予。 Strange, Hannah. Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi addresses Muslims in Mosul. The Telegraph. 2014-07-05 [2014-07-06]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-12）.

[:8-2] Bunzel, Cole. Caliph Incognito: The Ridicule of Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi. www.jihadica.com. [2020-01-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-02）（美国英语）.

[3] Hamid, Shadi. What a caliphate really is—and how the Islamic State is not one. Brookings. 2016-11-01 [2020-02-05]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-01）（美国英语）.

[5] Islamic State leader Abu Hasan al-Qurashi killed, names successor. Hindustan Times. 2022-11-30 [2022-11-30]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-28）（英语）.

[6] Kourdi, Eyad. ISIS acknowledges the death of its leader, announces his successor. CNN. 2022-11-30 [2023-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-28）（英语）.

[7] Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi. "So They Kill or Are Killed"- Islamic State Speech Announcing Death of Leader and Appointment of Successor. 2022-12-02 [2023-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-07）.

[8] Tore Refslund Hamming [@ToreRHamming]. Abd al-Raouf al-Muhajir was elected new amir of idarat al-'ammat al-wilayat on 24 June 2020, taking over after the death of Abu Sa'ad al-Shimali t.co/7TqBQCfZtj (推文). 2023-01-04 [2023-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-26） –通过Twitter （英语）.

[9] Tore Refslund Hamming [@ToreRHamming]. Arguably the most important leader within the Islamic State. IS supporters are once again sharing an image of Abu Jassim Salman aka Abd al-Raouf al-Muhajir, who is believed to be amir of the General Administration of Provinces that by and large replaced the delegrated committee t.co/WhZ9WRRz2n (推文). 2023-01-04 [2023-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-26） –通过Twitter （英语）.

[10] قناة فضح عباد البغدادي والهاشمي （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） ^{[需要較佳来源]}

[11] Journalist Rafhaan [@rafhaan08]. Updated t.co/SGMhXWMZm6 (推文). 2022-12-15 [2023-02-23] –通过Twitter （英语）.

[12] The Islamic State's Third Bayat Campaign. [2023-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2023-10-13）.

[13] How the Targeted Killing of ISIS Leaders Revives the Terror Group's Ideology - HS Today. 2023-01-15 [2023-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）.

[14] Scope [@JihadoScope]. Salafi influencer with tens of thousands of followers on social media & on run from Saudi authorities, surfaces in Yemen, releasing video pledging allegiance to ISIS. Tells supporters to watch/listen to Islamic State, underlines potency of jihadist outreach online (推文). 2023-01-12 [2023-02-23] –通过Twitter （英语）.

[15] #SaudiArabia One of the mosque preachers in #Riyadh declares in front of the worshipers his loyalty to the current IS leader Abu Al-Husayn.

[16] Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan: MİT, DEAŞ'ın sözde liderini etkisiz hale getirdi [President Erdoğan: The so-called leader of the terrorist organization DAESH was neutralized by the operation carried out by the MIT in Syria.]. TRT Haber. 30 April 2023 [30 April 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-03）（土耳其语）.

[17] Suspected Islamic State chief Qurayshi killed in Syria, Turkey says. BBC News. 2023-04-30 [2023-05-13]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-19）（英国英语）.

[18] US Not Backing Turkish Claims Islamic State Leader is Dead. Voice of America News. 1 May 2023 [2023-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-01）.

[19] Islamic State confirms death of its leader, names replacement. Reuters. 2023-08-03 [2023-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-03）（英语）.

[world.people.com.cn_2023_j779-20] “伊斯兰国”承认第四任最高头目死亡--国际--人民网. world.people.com.cn. 2023-08-04 [2023-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-18）（中文）.

[21] ISIL confirms death of leader Abu Hussein al-Qurashi, names successor. www.aljazeera.com. 2023-08-03 [2023-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-10-10）（英语）.

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