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Α-辅肌动蛋白2

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Α-辅肌动蛋白2
已知的結構
PDB直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB
識別號
别名ACTN2;, CMD1AA, CMH23, actinin alpha 2, MYOCOZ, MPD6
外部IDOMIM102573 MGI109192 HomoloGene31016 GeneCardsACTN2
相關疾病
牙周炎、​dilated cardiomyopathy 1AA[1]
基因位置(人类
1號染色體
染色体1號染色體[2]
1號染色體
Α-辅肌动蛋白2的基因位置
Α-辅肌动蛋白2的基因位置
基因座1q43起始236,664,141 bp[2]
终止236,764,631 bp[2]
RNA表达模式




查阅更多表达数据
直系同源
物種人類小鼠
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
mRNA​序列

NM_001103
​NM_001278343
​NM_001278344

NM_033268

蛋白序列

NP_001094
​NP_001265272
​NP_001265273

NP_150371

基因位置​(UCSC)Chr 1: 236.66 – 236.76 MbChr 13: 12.28 – 12.36 Mb
PubMed​查找[4][5]
維基數據
檢視/編輯人類檢視/編輯小鼠

α-辅肌动蛋白2(英語:Alpha-actinin-2)是一种蛋白质,在人类中由ACTN2基因编码。[6]该基因编码一种在骨骼肌心肌中表达的α-辅肌动蛋白异构体,其功能是将肌原纤维肌动蛋白细丝和肌联蛋白锚定到Z盘上。

结构

α-辅肌动蛋白2是一种103.8kDa的蛋白质,由894个氨基酸组成。[7][8]每个分子都是棒状的(长度为35nm),并且以反平行的方式同源二聚化。每个单体都有一个N端肌动蛋白结合区,由两个钙调理蛋白同源结构域、两个C端EF手结构域和四个串联血影蛋白样重复序列组成,形成分子中心区域的杆状结构域。[9] 人类α-辅肌动蛋白2在3.5Å处的高分辨率晶体结构最近得到解决。[10]α辅肌动蛋白属于血影蛋白基因超家族,它代表一组不同的肌动蛋白结合细胞骨架蛋白,包括血影蛋白抗肌萎缩蛋白肌营养相关蛋白丝束蛋白[9]骨骼肌、心脏和平滑肌亚型定位于Z盘和类似的致密体,它们有助于锚定肌原纤维肌动蛋白丝。α-肌动蛋白2已被证明与KCNA5[11][12]DLG1[11]DISC1[13]MYOZ1[14]GRIN2B[15]ADAM12[16]ACTN3[17]MYPN[18]PDLIM3[19]PKN[20]MYOT[21]TTN[22]NMDAR[23]SYNPO2[24]LDB3[25]MYOZ1[14]产生相互作用。

功能

α-辅肌动蛋白2的主要功能是在Z盘上交联丝状肌动蛋白分子和来自相邻肌小节的肌联蛋白分子,该功能受磷脂调节。[26][27]从汉普顿等人的研究中可以清楚地看出,这种交联可以呈现多种构象,偏好60°和120°的角度。[28]α-辅肌动蛋白2还在Z盘上的对接信号分子中发挥作用,另外的研究还表明α-辅肌动蛋白2与心脏离子通道的结合有关,尤其是Kv1.5[11]

临床意义

ACTN2的突变与肥厚型心肌病[29]扩张型心肌病心内膜弹力纤维增生症有关。[30]α-辅肌动蛋白2的不同功能反映在携带ACTN2突变的患者的不同临床表现中。[31]

参考资料

  1. ^ 與Α-辅肌动蛋白2相關的疾病;在維基數據上查看/編輯參考. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000077522 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000052374 - Ensembl, May 2017
  4. ^ Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. 
  5. ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. 
  6. ^ Entrez Gene: ACTN2 actinin, alpha 2. [2023-03-10]. (原始内容存档于2010-03-05). 
  7. ^ Protein Information – Basic Information: Protein COPaKB ID: P35609. Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase. [2015-04-13]. (原始内容存档于2015-04-13). 
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  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Luther PK. The vertebrate muscle Z-disc: sarcomere anchor for structure and signalling. Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility. 2009, 30 (5–6): 171–85. PMC 2799012可免费查阅. PMID 19830582. doi:10.1007/s10974-009-9189-6. 
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  15. ^ Wyszynski M, Lin J, Rao A, Nigh E, Beggs AH, Craig AM, Sheng M. Competitive binding of alpha-actinin and calmodulin to the NMDA receptor. Nature. January 1997, 385 (6615): 439–42. PMID 9009191. S2CID 4266742. doi:10.1038/385439a0. 
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