原碳酸
原碳酸 | |||
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IUPAC名 Methanetetrol[1] 甲四醇 | |||
別名 |
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識別 | |||
CAS號 | 463-84-3 ![]() | ||
PubChem | 9547954 | ||
ChemSpider | 7826887 | ||
SMILES |
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性質 | |||
化學式 | CH4O4 | ||
摩爾質量 | 80.04 g·mol−1 | ||
相關物質 | |||
相關化學品 | 二羥基亞甲基卡賓 硅酸 | ||
若非註明,所有數據均出自標準狀態(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
原碳酸是一種假想的酸,化學式H4CO4。在一個原碳酸分子中,碳原子與4個羥基以共價鍵相連,因此是一種四醇。理論上,原碳酸可以離解四個氫離子,生成假想的碳氧陰離子 CO4−
4(原碳酸根),因此也是碳的一種含氧酸。由於其球棍模型的形狀類似卐,因此原碳酸也被稱為「希特勒酸」。[2]
這種化合物至今未被發現,因為它極不穩定,會立刻分解為碳酸和水。[3][4]
- H4CO4 → H2CO3 + H2O
原碳酸可能在高壓下穩定,因此可能存在於含有大量水和甲烷的冰巨行星天王星和海王星內部。[5]
原碳酸鹽
原碳酸是四元酸,可以解離成四種原碳酸根,分別是H
3CO−
4、H
2CO2−
4、HCO3−
4和CO4−
4。
在高壓下可以合成CO4−
4的鹽,如Ca
2CO
4和Sr
2CO
4,其結構已通過X射線衍射確定。[6][7]原碳酸鍶 Sr
2CO
4在常壓下穩定,其中的原碳酸根呈四面體形分子構型,C-O鍵長1.41 Å。[8]類似的Sr
3[CO
4]O也可以在常壓下穩定存在。[9]
原碳酸酯
原碳酸可以形成酯。例如,它可以形成原碳酸四乙酯,可以用三氯硝基甲烷和乙醇鈉在乙醇中製取。[10] 另外,聚原碳酸酯是穩定的,可以用於吸收污水中的有機溶劑,[11]或用於牙科還原材料。[12]
參考
- ^ Methanetetrol - PubChem Public Chemical Database. The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. [2022-12-08]. (原始內容存檔於2012-11-03).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Hitler's Acid in Uranus?. The Analytical Scientist. [2022-07-24]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-21) (英語).
- ^ Bohm, S.; Antipova, D.; Kuthan, J. A Study of Methanetetraol Dehydration to Carbonic Acid. International Journal of Quantum Chemistry. 1997, 62: 315–322. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1997)62:3<315::AID-QUA10>3.3.CO;2-N.
- ^ Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives 網際網路檔案館的存檔,存檔日期2017-09-13. IUPAC Recommendations on Organic & Biochemical Nomenclature
- ^ G. Saleh; A. R. Oganov. Novel Stable Compounds in the C-H-O Ternary System at High Pressure. Scientific Reports. 2016, 6: 32486. Bibcode:2016NatSR...632486S. PMC 5007508
. PMID 27580525. doi:10.1038/srep32486.
- ^ Sagatova, Dinara; Shatskiy, Anton; Sagatov, Nursultan; Gavryushkin, Pavel N.; Litasov, Konstantin D. Calcium orthocarbonate, Ca2CO4-Pnma: A potential host for subducting carbon in the transition zone and lower mantle. Lithos. 2020,. 370-371: 105637. Bibcode:2020Litho.37005637S. ISSN 0024-4937. S2CID 224909120. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105637.
- ^ Laniel, Dominique; Binck, Jannes; Winkler, Björn; Vogel, Sebastian; Fedotenko, Timofey; Chariton, Stella; Prakapenka, Vitali; Milman, Victor; Schnick, Wolfgang; Dubrovinsky, Leonid; Dubrovinskaia, Natalia. Synthesis, crystal structure and structure–property relations of strontium orthocarbonate, Sr2CO4. Acta Crystallographica Section B. 2021, 77 (1): 131–137. ISSN 2052-5206. PMC 7941283
. doi:10.1107/S2052520620016650
.
- ^ Spahr, Dominik; Binck, Jannes; Bayarjargal, Lkhamsuren; Luchitskaia, Rita; Morgenroth, Wolfgang; Comboni, Davide; Milman, Victor; Winkler, Björn. Tetrahedrally Coordinated sp3-Hybridized Carbon in Sr2CO4 Orthocarbonate at Ambient Conditions. Inorganic Chemistry. 4 April 2021, 60 (8): 5419–5422. PMID 33813824. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00159
.
- ^ Spahr, Dominik; König, Jannes; Bayarjargal, Lkhamsuren; Gavryushkin, Pavel N.; Milman, Victor; Liermann, Hanns-Peter; Winkler, Björn. Sr 3 [CO 4 ]O Antiperovskite with Tetrahedrally Coordinated sp 3 -Hybridized Carbon and OSr 6 Octahedra. Inorganic Chemistry. 4 October 2021, 60 (19): 14504–14508. PMID 34520201. S2CID 237514625. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01900.
- ^ ETHYL ORTHOCARBONATE. Organic Syntheses (Organic Syntheses). 1952, 32: 68. ISSN 0078-6209. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.032.0068.
- ^ Sonmez, H.B.; Wudl, F. Cross-linked poly (orthocarbonate) s as organic solvent sorbents. Macromolecules. 2005, 38 (5): 1623–1626. doi:10.1021/ma048731x').
- ^ Stansbury, J.W. Synthesis and evaluation of new oxaspiro monomers for double ring-opening polymerization. Journal of Dental Research. 1992, 71 (7): 1408–1412 [2008-06-19]. doi:10.1177/00220345920710070901. (原始內容存檔於2008-07-08).
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