大氣河流
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Atmospheric_River_GOES_WV_20101220.1200.goes11.vapor.x.pacus.x.jpg/350px-Atmospheric_River_GOES_WV_20101220.1200.goes11.vapor.x.pacus.x.jpg)
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/DesmondAtmosphericRiver.png/350px-DesmondAtmosphericRiver.png)
大氣河流,或又稱為大氣長河,是大氣中由高濃度水蒸氣形成的狹窄區域。大氣河流經由狹窄通路輸送水蒸氣,通常沿著大面積流動的空氣的邊界,例如與在海洋上形成的熱帶氣旋相關的一些區域。[1][2][3][4][5][6]鳳梨急流是最知名的大氣河流,因從盛產鳳梨的夏威夷群島將水氣帶到美國西岸而得名。[7][8]
參考來源
- ^ 研究「空中河流」的飛行傳感器. [2017-09-14]. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-27).
- ^ 氣象學: 通過「大氣河流」進行早期洪澇預報[永久失效連結]
- ^ Zhu, Yong; Reginald E. Newell. Atmospheric rivers and bombs (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 1994, 21 (18): 1999–2002 [2017-09-14]. Bibcode:1994GeoRL..21.1999Z. doi:10.1029/94GL01710. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2010-06-10).
- ^ Zhu, Yong; Reginald E. Newell. A Proposed Algorithm for Moisture Fluxes from Atmospheric Rivers. Monthly Weather Review. 1998, 126 (3): 725–735 [2017-09-14]. Bibcode:1998MWRv..126..725Z. ISSN 1520-0493. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<0725:APAFMF>2.0.CO;2. (原始內容存檔於2017-07-04).
- ^ Kerr, Richard A. Rivers in the Sky Are Flooding The World With Tropical Waters (PDF). Science. 28 July 2006, 313 (5786): 435 [2017-09-14]. PMID 16873624. doi:10.1126/science.313.5786.435. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2010-06-29).
- ^ White, Allen B.; et al. The NOAA coastal atmospheric river observatory. 34th Conference on Radar Meteorology. 2009-10-08 [2017-09-14]. (原始內容存檔於2012-03-04).
- ^ Dettinger, Michael. Climate Change, Atmospheric Rivers, and Floods in California – A Multimodel Analysis of Storm Frequency and Magnitude Changes1. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 2011-06-01, 47 (3): 514–523 [2017-09-14]. Bibcode:2011JAWRA..47..514D. ISSN 1752-1688. doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00546.x. (原始內容存檔於2017-10-02) (英語).
- ^ Dettinger, Michael D.; Ralph, Fred Martin; Das, Tapash; Neiman, Paul J.; Cayan, Daniel R. Atmospheric Rivers, Floods and the Water Resources of California. Water. 2011-03-24, 3 (2): 445–478 [2017-09-14]. doi:10.3390/w3020445. (原始內容存檔於2017-10-02) (英語).