基底細胞癌(Basal-cell carcinoma,BCC)或稱基底細胞瘤,是最常見的皮膚癌症[2]。患者的皮膚通常會先長出一塊無痛的隆起部分,其上可能佈有具光澤的蛛網紋或是潰瘍[1]。此種癌症的生長速度緩慢,並會損傷其周邊的組織,但不太可能出現遠端轉移,也不太會直接導致死亡[7]。
危險因子包括紫外線暴露、膚色較淺、接受放射線療法、長期砷暴露、以及免疫缺陷[2]。孩童時期的紫外線暴露尤其有害[5]。近期日曬床也逐漸成為另一個常見的紫外線暴露源[8]。基底細胞癌的診斷通常奠基於皮膚檢查,但確診則需靠活體組織切片[2][3]。
目前尚不清楚擦防曬油是否會影響得到基底細胞癌的風險[9]。治療普遍是靠手術切除。如果癌症的範圍很小,可能進行單純的切除,否則一般會建議進行莫氏手術[2]。其他治療選項包括冷凍療法、局部化學療法、雷射手術,或是塗抹咪喹莫特。在少數發生遠端轉移的案例中,也可能會使用化學治療或標靶治療[10]。
基底細胞癌至少佔全球癌症總數的32%[7][11]。在非黑色素瘤的皮膚癌中,基底細胞癌至少占了80%。在美國,約有35%的白人男性和25%的白人女性在一生中曾經得過基底細胞癌[2]。
參考資料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®). NCI. 2013-10-25 [30 June 2014]. (原始内容存档于2014-07-05).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Gandhi, Sumul Ashok; Kampp, Jeremy. Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management. The Medical Clinics of North America. 2015-11, 99 (6) [2022-07-28]. ISSN 1557-9859. PMID 26476255. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002. (原始内容存档于2022-04-23).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Skin Cancer Treatment. National Cancer Institute. 21 June 2017 [2 July 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-04) (英语).
- ^ Krutmann, Jean; Humbert, Philippe. Nutrition for Healthy Skin: Strategies for Clinical and Cosmetic Practice. Springer Science & Business Media. 2010: 31 [2019-04-30]. ISBN 9783642122644. (原始内容存档于2017-09-10) (英语).
- ^ 5.0 5.1 World Cancer Report 2014.. World Health Organization. 2014: Chapter 5.14. ISBN 9283204298.
- ^ Wang, Haidong; Naghavi, Mohsen; Allen, Christine; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chen, Alan Zian; Coates, Matthew M.; Coggeshall, Megan. Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet. 2016-10-08, 388 (10053). ISSN 0140-6736. PMC 5388903
. PMID 27733281. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 (英语).
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Cakir, Burak Ömür; Adamson, Peter; Cingi, Cemal. Epidemiology and Economic Burden of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer. Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America. Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer of the Head and Neck. 2012-11-01, 20 (4). ISSN 1064-7406. doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 (英语).
- ^ Gallagher, Richard P.; Lee, Tim K.; Bajdik, Chris D.; Borugian, Marilyn. Ultraviolet radiation. Chronic Diseases in Canada. 2010,. 29 Suppl 1 [2022-07-28]. ISSN 1481-8523. PMID 21199599. (原始内容存档于2022-08-08).
- ^ Jou, Paul C.; Feldman, Ron J.; Tomecki, Kenneth J. UV protection and sunscreens: What to tell patients. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 2012-06-01, 79 (6) [2022-07-28]. ISSN 0891-1150. PMID 22660875. doi:10.3949/ccjm.79a.11110. (原始内容存档于2022-09-02) (英语).
- ^ Skin Cancer Treatment. National Cancer Institute. 21 June 2017 [2 July 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-04) (英语).
- ^ Dubas, Lauren E.; Ingraffea, Adam. Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer. Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America. Facial Skin: Contemporary Topics for the Surgeon. 2013-02-01, 21 (1). ISSN 1064-7406. doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2012.10.003 (英语).
外部連結