帆锯鳐属

帆锯鳐属; 化石时期：阿尔布阶至马斯特里赫特阶 PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	努米底亚帆锯鳐的牙齿化石
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	软骨鱼纲 Chondrichthyes
目：	鳐目 Rajiformes
科：	†硬尖犁头鳐科 Sclerorhynchidae
属：	†帆锯鳐属 Onchopristis; Stromer, 1917
模式種
	努米底亚帆锯鳐; Onchopristis numidus; Haug（英语：Émile Haug）, 1905
种
	努米底亚帆锯鳐 O. numidus; Haug, 1905; 鄧氏帆锯鳐 O. dunklei; McNulty & Slaugter, 1962;
異名
	Gigantichthys numidus; Haug, 1905（先占名）; Onchopristus; Onychopristis Stromer, 1917;

帆锯鳐属（屬名：Onchopristis，意為「（牙齒）有倒鉤的鋸鰩」）是生存于白垩纪後期的大型淡水鰩^[2]，化石發現於北非、北美與紐西蘭。其外形與現生的鋸鰩科相近，吻部細長，牙齒著生於吻測，但兩者並非近親，且鋸鰩科的牙側光滑無凸起，而帆锯鳐的牙齒在似釉質冠（enameloid cap）以後的區域具有一至五個倒鉤^[1]^[3]。

也有文献将其归入帆锯鳐科（Onchopristidae Villalobos-Segura, Kriwet, Vullo, Stumpf, Ward, & Underwood, 2021^[4]）

下属物种

本属包括以下物种：^[5]

Gigantichthys numidus (Haug, 1905)
Onchopristis dunklei McNulty & Slaughter, 1962
Onchopristis pharao Dames, 1887

描述

吻突长约2.5米（8.2英尺），外部有带刺的牙齿。在两种帆锯鳐中，努米底亚帆锯鳐的每颗牙齿都有一个倒钩，但在邓氏帆锯鳐的每颗牙齿上有两到五个倒钩。^[1]它们可以长到5-6米长。^[6]

古生态学

和现代锯鳐一样，帆锯鳐的眼睛位于头顶，用于发现捕食者而不是猎物，它的嘴和鳃都在它的身体下侧。^[7]它们的吻部很可能会有电感受器来检测它们下面的水中的食物，就像现代的鲨鱼一样。帆锯鳐可能会穿过河床寻找然后吃掉猎物。^[7]

大众文化

帆锯鳐在《Jurassic World™：游戏》中作为可收集角色登场。

在《恐龍星球》的電視節目中，帆鋸鰩被认为是棘龙的主要食物。

參考資料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Keyes, I. W. Records of the northern hemisphere Cretaceous Sawfish genus Onchopristis (order batoidea) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 1977, 20 (2): 263–272. ISSN 0028-8306. doi:10.1080/00288306.1977.10420706.
^ Martill, D. M.; Ibrahim, N. Aberrant rostral teeth of the sawfish Onchopristis numidus from the Kem Kem beds (?early Late Cretaceous) of Morocco and a reappraisal of Onchopristis in New Zealand. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 2012, 64: 71–76. ISSN 1464-343X. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.11.009.
^ Cuny, G.; Suteethorn, V.; Khansubha, S. A sclerorhynchoid (Chondrichthyes: Batomorphii) in the lower cretaceous of Thailand?. Sullivan, R. M.; Lucas, S. G. (编). Fossil Record 4. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 67. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. 2015: 15–18 [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-29）.
^ Villalobos-Segura, E.; Kriwet, J.; Vullo, R.; Stumpf, S.; Ward, D.J.; Underwood, C.J. The skeletal remains of the euryhaline sclerorhynchoid †Onchopristis (Elasmobranchii) from the 'Mid'-Cretaceous and their palaeontological implications. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2021, 193 (2): 746–771. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa166.
^ Onchopristis Stromer, 1918. GBIF. [2023-03-12]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-12）.
^ This huge ancient sawfish had harpoons on its face. [2021-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-14）.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 Scott, C. Planet Dinosaur: The Next Generation of Killer Giants. Firefly Books. 2012: 72–73. ISBN 978-1-77085-049-1.

Dutheil, D.B., Brito, P.M., 2009. Articulated cranium of Onchopristis numidus (Sclerorhynchidae, Elasmobranchii) from the Kem Kem Beds, Morocco. In: Jalil, N.-E. (Ed.), 1st International Congress on North African Vertebrate Palaeontology, Program & Abstracts, Marrakech, 25–27 May 2009, p. 66.
Haug, E. Paléontologie. Documents Scientifiques de la mission saharienne (mission Foureau-Lamy). Publications de la Société de Géographie, p. 751-832

[keyes1977-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Keyes, I. W. Records of the northern hemisphere Cretaceous Sawfish genus Onchopristis (order batoidea) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 1977, 20 (2): 263–272. ISSN 0028-8306. doi:10.1080/00288306.1977.10420706.

[2] Martill, D. M.; Ibrahim, N. Aberrant rostral teeth of the sawfish Onchopristis numidus from the Kem Kem beds (?early Late Cretaceous) of Morocco and a reappraisal of Onchopristis in New Zealand. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 2012, 64: 71–76. ISSN 1464-343X. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.11.009.

[3] Cuny, G.; Suteethorn, V.; Khansubha, S. A sclerorhynchoid (Chondrichthyes: Batomorphii) in the lower cretaceous of Thailand?. Sullivan, R. M.; Lucas, S. G. (编). Fossil Record 4. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 67. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. 2015: 15–18 [2021-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-29）.

[Villalobos-Segura_et_al._2021-4] Villalobos-Segura, E.; Kriwet, J.; Vullo, R.; Stumpf, S.; Ward, D.J.; Underwood, C.J. The skeletal remains of the euryhaline sclerorhynchoid †Onchopristis (Elasmobranchii) from the 'Mid'-Cretaceous and their palaeontological implications. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2021, 193 (2): 746–771. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa166.

[5] Onchopristis Stromer, 1918. GBIF. [2023-03-12]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-12）.

[6] This huge ancient sawfish had harpoons on its face. [2021-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-14）.

[scott2012-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Scott, C. Planet Dinosaur: The Next Generation of Killer Giants. Firefly Books. 2012: 72–73. ISBN 978-1-77085-049-1.

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