弗雷德里克·魏特汉

弗雷德里克·魏特汉
弗雷德里克·魏特汉
出生	1895年3月20日; 德国慕尼黑
逝世	1981年11月18日（86歲）; 美国宾夕法尼亚州肯普顿
职业	精神病学家
配偶	佛罗伦萨·赫斯基(Florence Hesketh) (1902-1981)

弗雷德里克·魏特汉（德語：Fredric Wertham，1895年3月20日—1981年11月18日）是一位有犹太血统^[1]的德裔美籍精神病学家，同时也是一位改革作家，积极抗议大众传媒和漫画上据称对儿童成长有害的暴力画面。^[2]他最广为人知的著作《诱惑无辜》(1954)，直接导致了美国国会对漫画产业的调查以及漫画准则管理局的创建。他将电视称为“暴力的学校”，并说：“如果我在一条黑暗的小巷里遇到了一个不守规矩的年轻人，我希望他并没有看过《我倆沒有明天》（一部改编自美国著名鸳鸯大盗邦妮和克莱德的真实故事的动作片）。”^[3]

个人简介

魏特汉1895年3月20日生于慕尼黑^[2]^[3]。他在德国和英国学习医学，之后与弗洛伊德一样，选择了精神病学为专业。1922年，他受邀到美国马里兰州巴尔的摩的约翰斯·霍普金斯医院加入精神病门诊部。他于1927年加入美国籍。^[2]1932年，他移居纽约，指导与纽约地方刑事法庭相关的一家精神病诊所，对被定罪的犯人进行精神病测试。^[2]1935年，魏特汉在亚伯特·费雪的审判中作出对他有利的证词，宣称费雪是一名精神病患者。^[4]

遗产

他的论文（包括未出版著作《儿童战争》(The War on Children)的手稿）都被赠与美国国会图书馆，放置在手稿专区。2010年5月20日起，这批论文开放给学者用于研究用途。^[5]

参考文獻

^ "Jews and American Comics from Another Angle" 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2011-07-08.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Webster, Bayard. Fredric Wertham, 86, Dies. Foe of Violent TV and Comics. New York Times. December 1, 1981 [2010-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-31）. Dr. Fredric Wertham, an internationally known psychiatrist who believed that comic books, movies and television shows that featured crime, violence and horror exerted a damaging influence on many juveniles and young adults, died November 18 at his retirement home in Kempton, Pennsylvania. He was 86 years old.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Death Revealed. Time magazine. December 14, 1981 [2010-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2010-10-15）. Fredric Wertham, 86, author and psychiatrist who crusaded against violence in comic books, movies and television; on Nov. 18; in Kempton, Pa. Wertham, a Munich-born authority on criminal psychology, argued that violence is a product of cultural influences.
^ Fish Held Insane By Three Experts. Defense Alienists Say Budd Girl's Murderer Was And Is Mentally Irresponsible. New York Times. May 21, 1935 [2010-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-27）. Three psychiatrists testified in Supreme Court today that Albert H. Fish, on trial for the murder of Grace Budd in June, 1928, was legally insane when he committed the murder and has been insane since that date.
^ "Wertham's Locked Vault". [2010-12-14]. （原始内容存档于2010-11-25）.

[1] "Jews and American Comics from Another Angle" 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2011-07-08.

[obit-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Webster, Bayard. Fredric Wertham, 86, Dies. Foe of Violent TV and Comics. New York Times. December 1, 1981 [2010-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-31）. Dr. Fredric Wertham, an internationally known psychiatrist who believed that comic books, movies and television shows that featured crime, violence and horror exerted a damaging influence on many juveniles and young adults, died November 18 at his retirement home in Kempton, Pennsylvania. He was 86 years old.

[timeobit-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Death Revealed. Time magazine. December 14, 1981 [2010-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2010-10-15）. Fredric Wertham, 86, author and psychiatrist who crusaded against violence in comic books, movies and television; on Nov. 18; in Kempton, Pa. Wertham, a Munich-born authority on criminal psychology, argued that violence is a product of cultural influences.

[4] Fish Held Insane By Three Experts. Defense Alienists Say Budd Girl's Murderer Was And Is Mentally Irresponsible. New York Times. May 21, 1935 [2010-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-27）. Three psychiatrists testified in Supreme Court today that Albert H. Fish, on trial for the murder of Grace Budd in June, 1928, was legally insane when he committed the murder and has been insane since that date.

[5] "Wertham's Locked Vault". [2010-12-14]. （原始内容存档于2010-11-25）.

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