氯乙腈
氯乙腈 | |
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别名 | 氯代乙腈 |
识别 | |
CAS号 | 107-14-2 ![]() |
PubChem | 7856 |
ChemSpider | 7568 |
SMILES |
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UN编号 | 2668 |
ChEBI | 82416 |
RTECS | AL8225000 |
KEGG | C19360 |
性质 | |
化学式 | C2H2ClN |
摩尔质量 | 75.5 g·mol−1 |
外观 | 无色液体 |
密度 | 1.193 g·cm−3 |
熔点 | <25 °C[1] |
沸点 | 123—124 °C(396—397 K) |
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
氯乙腈是一种有机化合物,化学式为ClCH2CN,它是无色液体,是乙腈的一个氢原子被氯取代的产物。实际上,它是通过氯乙酰胺脱水制得的。[2]它是烷基化试剂,应当小心使用。[3]
氯乙腈也可由乙腈和二氯化二硫反应得到。它进一步氯化可以得到二氯乙腈,并可和二氯化二硫发生环加成反应,得到4,5-二氯-1,2,3-二噻唑鎓氯化物:[4]
- Cl2CHCN + S2Cl2 → [S2NC2Cl2]Cl + HCl
它和苯胺在碳酸钾、碘化钠的存在下于乙腈中反应,可以得到N-氰甲基苯胺。[5]它和三苯基膦在甲苯中回流,可以得到三苯基氰甲基氯化𬭸。[6]
参考文献
- ^ "PhysProp" data were obtained from Syracuse Research Corporation of Syracuse, New York (US). Retrieved from SciFinder. [2020-11-27].
- ^ Reisner, D. B.; Horning, E. C. Chloroacetonitrile. Organic Syntheses. 1950, 30: 22. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.030.0022.
- ^ Lebeuf, Raphaël; Berlande, Muriel; Robert, Frédéric; Landais, Yannick. Preparation of (3,5-Dimethoxy-1-Phenyl-Cyclohexa-2,5-Dienyl)-Acetonitrile Through Birch Reductive Alkylation (BRA). Organic Syntheses. 2009, 86: 1. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.086.0001.
- ^ Rees, Charles W. Polysulfur-Nitrogen Heterocyclic Chemistry. Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry. 1992, 29 (3): 639–651. doi:10.1002/jhet.5570290306.
- ^ Margaux Riomet, Elodie Decuypere, Karine Porte, Sabrina Bernard, Lucie Plougastel, Sergii Kolodych, Davide Audisio, Frédéric Taran. Design and Synthesis of Iminosydnones for Fast Click and Release Reactions with Cycloalkynes. Chemistry - A European Journal. 2018-06-18, 24 (34): 8535–8541 [2020-11-27]. doi:10.1002/chem.201801163 (英语).
- ^ Jayaram Reddy Komsani, Sreenivas Avula, Satish Koppireddi, Pranay Kumar Koochana, Murty Usn, Rambabu Yadla. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of N -Aryl-4-(cyano/alkoxycarbonyl)-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-1 H /3 H -1,2,3-triazole Derivatives: Synthesis of N-Aryl-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-4-(cyano/alkoxycarbonyl)-1,2,3-triazoles. Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry. 2015-05, 52 (3): 764–772 [2020-11-27]. doi:10.1002/jhet.2186 (英语).