波痕(英語:ripple marks)是由於流體(水或风)的流動在沉积物表面形成的波状起伏的構造。一般由沉积物表层的砂粒在迁移过程中形成在层面上的沙波。 波痕有三種:流水波痕(Current formed ripples):呈不对称状,波谷与波峰均较圆滑,陡坡倾向与流向一致[1][2]。浪成波痕(wave-formed ripples):对称的浪或波痕,波峰尖、波谷圆滑[3]。风成波痕(Wind-formed ripples):呈不对称状,波谷宽阔,波峰圆滑,陡坡倾向与风向一致[4]。
参考文献
^Boggs Jr., Sam. (2006) Principles of Sedimentology and Stratigraphy, 4th ed
^Easterbrook, Don J. Surface processes and landforms. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1999. Print. ISBN 0-13-860958-6 pp. 479-480
^Nichols, Gary. (2009) Sedimentology and Stratigraphy, Wiley, ISBN 978-1405135924
^ Greeley, Ronald, and James D. Iversen. Wind as a Geological Process On Earth, Mars, Venus and Titan (Cambridge Planetary Science Old). New York: Cambridge UP, 1987. ISBN 0-521-35962-7 pp. 153-154