瘤擬步行蟲科

瘤擬步行蟲科
	Ironclad beetle,（Zopherus nodulosus haldemani（英语：Zopherus nodulosus）），攝於美國德州
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲：	昆虫纲 Insecta
目：	鞘翅目 Coleoptera
亚目：	多食亞目 Polyphaga
下目：	扁蟲下目 Cucujiformia
总科：	擬步總科 Tenebrionoidea
科：	瘤擬步行蟲科 Zopheridae; Solier, 1834
亞科
	Colydiinae - cylindrical bark beetles; Latometinae (sometimes in Zopheridae); Monommatinae (sometimes in Zopheridae); Pycnomerinae (sometimes in Zopheridae); Usechinae (sometimes in Zopheridae); Zopherinae - ironclad beetles

瘤擬步行蟲科（學名：Zopheridae）是屬於鞘翅目擬步總科的昆蟲。近年來，有其他兩個科被劃分到本科之中，使得本科的成員數量有了相當的成長；這兩個科分別是擬吉丁蟲科（Monommatidae）以及細堅蟲科（Colydiidae）。某些學者接受本科劃分了6個亞科的系統，然而有些則將細堅蟲科從本科中剔除為一獨立科。本科有超過100個屬群需要被重新定義；據估計在世界各地有著數百個種類。這個科沒有固定使用的英文俗名，不過多數亞科都有各自傳統的英文俗名，例如 ironclad beetles、cylindrical bark beetles等。至2018年為止，約有116個物種已被描述。 ^[1] ^[2]

系統分類學

目前所使用的瘤擬步行蟲科級分類元定義主要來自史利賓斯基和勞倫斯於 1999 年基於成蟲和幼生期形態所做的擬步行蟲總科系統發育分析^[3]，近年的分子系統發育分析研究則顯示本科可能並非單系群^[4]^[5]^[6]。

古昆蟲學

目前所知的瘤擬步行蟲科化石紀錄相當稀少，多數化石紀錄來自波羅的海琥珀（始新世）^[7]^[8]^[9]，最早的化石紀錄為來自上白堊紀緬甸琥珀的 Paleoendeitoma antennata、Paleoendeitoma minuta（屬於細堅蟲亞科 Colydiinae）和 Cretomysteria burmanica （亞科未定論）^[10]。

參考文獻

^ Zopheridae Report. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. [2018-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-02）.
^ Browse Zopheridae. Catalogue of Life. [2018-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-07）.
^ Ślipiński, Stanisław Adam; Ślipiński, Stanisław Adam; Lawrence, John Francis; Lawrence, John Francis. Phylogeny and classification of Zopheridae sensu novo (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) with a review of the genera of Zopherinae (excluding Monommatini). Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN. 1999.
^ Mckenna, Duane D.; Wild, Alexander L.; Kanda, Kojun; Bellamy, Charles L.; Beutel, Rolf G.; Caterino, Michael S.; Farnum, Charles W.; Hawks, David C.; Ivie, Michael A. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology. 2015-10-01, 40 (4): 835–880 [2017-09-26]. ISSN 1365-3113. doi:10.1111/syen.12132. （原始内容存档于2017-08-23）（英语）.
^ Gunter, Nicole L.; Levkaničová, Zuzana; Weir, Tom H.; Ślipiński, Adam; Cameron, Stephen L.; Bocak, Ladislav. Towards a phylogeny of the Tenebrionoidea (Coleoptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2014-10-01, 79: 305–312. ISSN 1055-7903. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.05.028 （英语）.
^ Bocak, Ladislav; Barton, Christopher; Crampton-Platt, Alex; Chesters, Douglas; Ahrens, Dirk; Vogler, Alfried P. Building the Coleoptera tree-of-life for >8000 species: composition of public DNA data and fit with Linnaean classification. Systematic Entomology. 2014-01-01, 39 (1): 97–110 [2017-09-26]. ISSN 1365-3113. doi:10.1111/syen.12037. （原始内容存档于2017-09-27）（英语）.
^ Alekseev, V.I. Lord, N.P.. A new species of Xylolaemus (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Colydiinae) from Baltic amber. (PDF). Baltic journal of Coleopterology. 2014, 1 (14): 97–102 [2017-09-26]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-08-12）.
^ Alekseev, V.I. New cylindrical bark (Coleoptera: Zopheridae) from Baltic amber. (PDF). Baltic Journal of Coleopterology. 2015, 1 (15): 17–24 [2017-09-26]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）.
^ Alekseev, Vitalii I.; Bukejs, Andris. New Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa. 2016-10-25, 4178 (3): 409–427 [2017-09-26]. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 27811716. （原始内容存档于2019-01-29）.
^ Deng, Congshuang; Ślipiński, Adam; Ren, Dong; Pang, Hong. The first Mesozoic colydiid beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Colydiinae) from the Upper Cretaceous amber of Myanmar. Cretaceous Research. 2017-10-01, 78 (Supplement C): 71–77. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.010.

[itis-1] Zopheridae Report. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. [2018-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-02）.

[catlife-2] Browse Zopheridae. Catalogue of Life. [2018-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-07）.

[3] Ślipiński, Stanisław Adam; Ślipiński, Stanisław Adam; Lawrence, John Francis; Lawrence, John Francis. Phylogeny and classification of Zopheridae sensu novo (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) with a review of the genera of Zopherinae (excluding Monommatini). Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN. 1999.

[4] Mckenna, Duane D.; Wild, Alexander L.; Kanda, Kojun; Bellamy, Charles L.; Beutel, Rolf G.; Caterino, Michael S.; Farnum, Charles W.; Hawks, David C.; Ivie, Michael A. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology. 2015-10-01, 40 (4): 835–880 [2017-09-26]. ISSN 1365-3113. doi:10.1111/syen.12132. （原始内容存档于2017-08-23）（英语）.

[5] Gunter, Nicole L.; Levkaničová, Zuzana; Weir, Tom H.; Ślipiński, Adam; Cameron, Stephen L.; Bocak, Ladislav. Towards a phylogeny of the Tenebrionoidea (Coleoptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2014-10-01, 79: 305–312. ISSN 1055-7903. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.05.028 （英语）.

[6] Bocak, Ladislav; Barton, Christopher; Crampton-Platt, Alex; Chesters, Douglas; Ahrens, Dirk; Vogler, Alfried P. Building the Coleoptera tree-of-life for >8000 species: composition of public DNA data and fit with Linnaean classification. Systematic Entomology. 2014-01-01, 39 (1): 97–110 [2017-09-26]. ISSN 1365-3113. doi:10.1111/syen.12037. （原始内容存档于2017-09-27）（英语）.

[7] Alekseev, V.I. Lord, N.P.. A new species of Xylolaemus (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Colydiinae) from Baltic amber. (PDF). Baltic journal of Coleopterology. 2014, 1 (14): 97–102 [2017-09-26]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-08-12）.

[8] Alekseev, V.I. New cylindrical bark (Coleoptera: Zopheridae) from Baltic amber. (PDF). Baltic Journal of Coleopterology. 2015, 1 (15): 17–24 [2017-09-26]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）.

[9] Alekseev, Vitalii I.; Bukejs, Andris. New Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) from Baltic amber. Zootaxa. 2016-10-25, 4178 (3): 409–427 [2017-09-26]. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 27811716. （原始内容存档于2019-01-29）.

[10] Deng, Congshuang; Ślipiński, Adam; Ren, Dong; Pang, Hong. The first Mesozoic colydiid beetles (Coleoptera: Zopheridae: Colydiinae) from the Upper Cretaceous amber of Myanmar. Cretaceous Research. 2017-10-01, 78 (Supplement C): 71–77. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.010.

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