圣水牛的化石最早在河南被发现,大英博物馆研究员胡步伍(Arthur T. Hopwood)检视样本后,于1925年发表为新种[3],其种小名mephistopheles源自梅菲斯托费勒斯,为恶魔之意,因其角心与西方恶魔的形象相似而得名[4]。霍普渥德认为与圣水牛外观最相似的动物为婆罗洲的水牛亚种Bubalus bubalis hosei[3]。1928年至1936年间,殷墟挖掘过程中出土了超过千只本种水牛的遗骸,古生物学家德日进与杨锺健将其中文名称翻译为“圣水牛”[5]
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^ 10.010.1Yang, Dongya Y.; Liu, Li; Chen, Xingcan; Speller, Camilla F. Wild or domesticated: DNA analysis of ancient water buffalo remains from north China. Journal of Archaeological Science. 2008, 35 (10): 2778–2785. ISSN 0305-4403. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2008.05.010.
^Lander, Brian; Brunson, Katherine. WILD MAMMALS OF ANCIENT NORTH CHINA. Journal of Chinese History. 2018, 2 (2): 291–312. ISSN 2059-1632. doi:10.1017/jch.2017.45.
^Dong, Wei; Liu, Jin-yi; Zhang, Li-min; Xu, Qin-qi. The Early Pleistocene water buffalo associated with Gigantopithecus from Chongzuo in southern China. Quaternary International. 2014, 354: 86–93. ISSN 1040-6182. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.12.054.