腦萎縮

维基百科，自由的百科全书

脑萎缩是中枢神经系统疾病所造成的一種症狀， [1]是指腦组织的细胞（神經元）體積縮小。[2]如果大脑半球出現萎縮，思维和自理能力可能会受到影響。

一定程度的脑萎缩是由於衰老而自然发生的。[3]人脑在25岁时基本發育成熟。[4]35岁后大腦開始慢慢萎缩，並以每年0.2%的程度萎縮下去。[5]当达到70岁时，萎縮的速度会加快。[6]到90岁时，人脑相對於25歲時它的重量将减少15%。[7][3]

原因

脑萎缩的進度取决于疾病。

受伤

  • 中風，由于大脑供血突然中断而导致大脑功能丧失
  • 中度至重度创伤性脑损伤[8]

参考文献

  1. ^ Cerebral Atrophy Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). [2014-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）. 
  2. ^ The Shrinking Brain: Cerebral Atrophy Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Annals of Biomedical Engineering. September 2019, 47 (9): 1941–1959. PMC 6757025 可免费查阅. PMID 30341741. doi:10.1007/s10439-018-02148-2. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 The extended scope of neuroimaging and prospects in brain atrophy mitigation: A systematic review. Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery. March 2021, 23: 100875. doi:10.1016/j.inat.2020.100875. 
  4. ^ Maturation of the adolescent brain. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. April 2013, 9: 449–461. PMC 3621648 可免费查阅. PMID 23579318. doi:10.2147/NDT.S39776. 
  5. ^ Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences. 2013. ISBN 978-0-12-382166-9. 
  6. ^ Ageing and the brain. Postgraduate Medical Journal. February 2006, 82 (964): 84–88. PMC 2596698 可免费查阅. PMID 16461469. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2005.036665. 
  7. ^ White matter disease as a biomarker for long-term cerebrovascular disease and dementia. Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine. March 2014, 16 (3): 292. PMC 3964019 可免费查阅. PMID 24496967. doi:10.1007/s11936-013-0292-z. 
  8. ^ Harris, Taylor C.; de Rooij, Rijk; Kuhl, Ellen. The Shrinking Brain: Cerebral Atrophy Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Annals of Biomedical Engineering (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 2018-10-17, 47 (9): 1941–1959. ISSN 0090-6964. PMC 6757025 可免费查阅. PMID 30341741. doi:10.1007/s10439-018-02148-2. 
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