岩石圓頂的建築風格和馬賽克都是以拜占庭教堂和宮殿為藍本,但岩石圓頂的馬賽克不包含任何人類或動物的形態,而是以阿拉伯文字和植物圖案為特色,夾雜着珠寶和皇冠等物品的圖像[4]。八角形拱廊周圍有阿拉伯宗教銘文[4]。岩石圓頂的外貌在鄂圖曼時期和現代時期都有很大的變化[4],特別是在1959-61年和1993年增加了鍍金屋頂。該結構的八角形平面可能受到了拜占庭聖母座教堂(英語:Church of the Seat of Mary)(希臘語稱為 Kathisma,阿拉伯語稱為 al-Qadismu)的影響,該教堂建於451至458年間,位於耶路撒冷和伯利恆之間的道路上[6]。岩石圓頂的原穹頂於1015年倒塌,1022-23年重建,是現存最古老的伊斯蘭建築之一[7]。
^ 4.004.014.024.034.044.054.064.074.084.09Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Dome of the Rock". Encyclopedia Britannica, 5 Aug. 2020, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dome-of-the-Rock. Accessed 2 March 2021.
^Avner, Rina (2010). "The Dome of the Rock in light of the development of concentric martyria in Jerusalem" (PDF). Muqarnas. Volume 27: An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World. Leiden: Brill. pp. 31–50 [43–44]. ISBN 978-900418511-1. JSTOR 25769691.
^Slavik, Diane (2001). Cities through Time: Daily Life in Ancient and Modern Jerusalem. Geneva, Illinois: Runestone Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-8225-3218-7.
^Carol Delaney, Abraham on Trial: The Social Legacy of Biblical Myth, Princeton University Press 2000 p.120.
^Nasser Rabbat (1989). "The meaning of the Umayyad Dome of the Rock". Muqarnas. 6: 12–21. doi:10.2307/1602276. JSTOR 1602276.
參考文獻
Nuseibeh, Said, and Oleg Grabar. The Dome of the Rock. Harvard University Press, 2006.
Magness, Jodi. The archaeology of the Holy Land: from the destruction of Solomon's Temple to the Muslim conquest. Cambridge University Press, 2012.
Avner, Rina. "The Dome of the Rock in light of the development of concentric Martyria in Jerusalem: Architecture and Architectural Iconography." Muqarnas, Volume 27. Brill, 2011. 31-50.
Peterson, Andrew (1994). Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-06084-2