使用者:Doraeeemon/沙盒2
座標：37°47′17″N 122°24′27″W / 37.78806°N 122.40750°W
| Union Square | |
|---|---|
| Neighborhood of San Francisco | |
 (2007) | |
  Union Square Location within Central San Francisco | |
| 坐標：37°47′17″N 122°24′27″W / 37.788056°N 122.4075°W | |
| Country | 美國 |
| State | 加利福尼亞州 |
| City | 舊金山 |
| 參考編碼 | 623[1] |
Union Square is a 2.6-英畝（1.1-公頃） public plaza bordered by Geary, Powell, Post and 市德頓街 in downtown 舊金山, 加利福尼亞州. "Union Square" also refers to the central shopping, hotel, and theater district that surrounds the plaza for several blocks. The area got its name because it was once used for Thomas Starr King rallies and support for the 聯邦軍 during the 南北戰爭,[2] earning its designation as a California Historical Landmark.[1] Today, this one-block plaza and surrounding area is one of the largest collections of department stores, upscale boutiques, gift shops, art galleries, and beauty salons in the United States, making Union Square a major tourist destination, a vital, cosmopolitan gathering place in downtown San Francisco, and one of the world's premier shopping districts.[來源請求] Grand hotels and small inns, as well as repertory, off-Broadway, and single-act theaters also contribute to the area's dynamic, 24-hour character.
At the center of Union Square stands the Dewey Monument, an 85-英尺（26-公尺） column on which stand a 9-英尺（2.7-公尺） statue of 尼刻. The monument is dedicated to 喬治·杜威, a hero of the 美西戰爭 for his victory at the Battle of Manila Bay in 1898. The monument was dedicated in 1903.
History
Union Square was originally a tall 沙丘, and the square was later set aside to be made into a public park in 1850. Union Square got its name from the pro-Union rallies held there on the eve of the Civil War. The monument itself is also a tribute to the sailors of the United States Navy.[3]
Union Square was built and dedicated by San Francisco's first American mayor John Geary in 1850 and is so named for the pro-Union rallies by Thomas Starr King that happened there before and during the 南北戰爭.[4] Since then the plaza has undergone many notable changes, one of the most significant happening in 1903 with the dedication of a 97英尺（30米） tall 紀念建築物 to 喬治·杜威's victory at the Battle of Manila Bay during the 美西戰爭. It also commemorates U.S. President 威廉·麥金萊, who had been recently assassinated. Executed by Robert Aitken, the 塑像 at the top of the monument, "Victory", was modeled after a voluptuous Danish-American stenographer and artist's model, Alma de Bretteville, who eventually married one of San Francisco's richest citizens.[5] Another significant change happened between 1939 and 1941 when a large underground parking garage was built under the square; this meant the plaza's lawns, shrubs and the Dewey monument were now on the garage "roof." Designed by Timothy Pflueger, it was the world's first underground parking garage.[6]
During the late 1970s, and through the 1980s and 1990s, the area became somewhat derelict as the homeless began to camp in the space. San Francisco's rowdy New Year's parties used to happen yearly at the plaza with some sort of civil disruption and rioting happening afterward. In early 1998 city planners began plans to renovate the plaza to create more paved surfaces for easier maintenance, with outdoor cafes, and more levels to the underground garage.[7] Finally in late 2000, the park was partially closed down to renovate the park and the parking garage.[8] On July 25, 2002, the park reopened and ceremony was held with then Mayor Willie Brown. "Use it; it is your square", said Mayor Willie Brown.[9] In 2004 Unwire Now, a company founded by entrepreneur Jaz Banga, launched a free Wi-Fi network in Union Square which was championed by Mayor 加文·紐森.[10] The network remains in place today.
Today, Union Square retains its role as the ceremonial "heart" of San Francisco, serving as the site of many public concerts and events, art shows, impromptu protests, private parties and events, winter ice rink and the annual 聖誕樹 and 光明節燈台 lighting. Public views of the square can be seen from surrounding high places as the Sir Francis Drake Hotel, Macy's top floor, and the 凱悅酒店 hotel.
With such a diverse and renowned collection of businesses, the neighborhood needed a central organization to help supplement city services and create custom programs to meet the needs of the community. The original Union Square Business Improvement District was founded in 1999 and focused primarily on cleaning and safety issues. Today's expanded district continues to recognize these needs, while adding marketing, advocacy, streetscapes and capital improvement programs to its portfolio. With a recent 10-year renewal, the BID is committed to making Union Square the best place in the world to live, work, visit and play.[11]
Public art
Beginning in 2009, painted heart sculptures from the Hearts in San Francisco public art installation have been installed in each of the four corners of the square. Each year, the sculptures are auctioned off to benefit the San Francisco General Hospital Foundation and new sculptures painted by various artists are installed in their place. Many of the sculptures are permanently relocated to various other locations throughout the city.
Economy
The Tiffany Building is an 11-story,[12] 100,000-平方英尺（9,300-平方公尺） building at Union Square.;[13] the bottom two floors contain a 蒂芙尼公司 store, while the upper floors contain offices.[14] 國泰航空 maintains its North America regional headquarters on the third floor of the Tiffany Building,[15][16] The Cathay Pacific North America headquarters moved from Greater Los Angeles and opened in the Tiffany Building in 2005.[15]
The only hotel actually located on Union Square is the Westin St. Francis hotel which is celebrated for its historic Magneta Grandfather Clock.[17] It is believed to be the only hotel in the world that offers its guests, as a courtesy, a coin washing service. The process originated in 1938 at a time when high-society ladies wore white gloves that were easily tarnished during the exchange of money. It uses 硼砂 soap in an antiquated, manually-operated burnisher.[18]
Nearby attractions
Union Square has also come to describe not just the plaza itself, but the general shopping, dining, and theater districts within the surrounding blocks. The Geary and Curran theaters one block west on Geary anchor the "theater district" and border the Tenderloin. Union Square is also home to San Francisco's TIX Bay Area, a half-priced ticket booth and Ticketmaster outlet. Run by Theatre Bay Area, tickets for most of San Francisco's performing arts can be purchased the day of the performance at a discounted rate.
At the end of Powell Street two blocks south, where the cable cars turn around beside Hallidie Plaza at 市場街 (舊金山), is a growing retail corridor that is connected to the 市場南 (舊金山) district. 諾布山, with its grand mansions, apartment buildings and hotels, stands to the northwest of Union Square. Directly northeast is 舊金山唐人街, with its famous dragon gate at Grant Avenue and Bush Street.
The city's historic 貝爾登巷 northeast of Union Square and centers on the 貝爾登巷 alleyway, between Bush and Pine Streets, and Claude Lane off Bush Street. This area has many open-air French Restaurants and Cafes. Every year the area is the site of the boisterous 巴士底日 celebration, the nation's largest, and Bush Street is temporarily renamed "Buisson."
Directly east of the Square off of Stockton Street is Maiden Lane, a short and narrow alley of exclusive boutiques and cafes that leads to the 舊金山金融區 and boasts the Xanadu Gallery, San Francisco's only building designed by 弗蘭克·勞埃德·賴特—with its interior most notable for being the predecessor for New York City's 所羅門·古根漢美術館. The square is part of the Barbary Coast Trail, linking many San Francisco landmarks.
Shopping
Over the years, Union Square became a popular shopping destination.[19] Six 百貨公司 sit within the three block radius of Union Square, including 尼曼 (百貨公司) and separate men's & women's branches of 梅西百貨公司, 薩克斯第五大道, and 巴尼斯紐約. 布魯明黛 and 諾德斯特龍百貨公司 anchor the nearby Westfield San Francisco Centre, a shopping mall built in 1988 on nearby Market Street.
A mix of upscale boutiques and popular retailers occupy many of the buildings surrounding Union Square. Among the luxury retailers that front Union Square are 路易威登, 古馳, 寶格麗, 諾悠翩雅, Moncler, and jeweler 蒂芙尼公司; while flagship 維多利亞的秘密, Williams-Sonoma, 耐克, and 蘋果公司 stores also occupy buildings surrounding Union Square. Other notable brands in the surrounding area include 香奈兒, 普拉達, 巴寶莉, 薩瓦托·菲拉格慕, Goyard, 克里斯汀·迪奧 (品牌) and 卡地亞.
蓋璞, which is headquartered less than a mile away on 內河碼頭 (舊金山), operates multiple flagship and full-line stores for 蓋璞, 香蕉共和國 (服飾), and Old Navy in and around Union Square.
Transportation
Two 舊金山纜車系統 lines (Powell-Hyde and Powell-Mason) serve Union Square on Powell Street.
In addition, Union Square is served by many trolley and bus lines and the F Market heritage streetcar. The 舊金山輕軌 and 舊金山灣區捷運系統 subway systems both serve the area at nearby 跑華街站 on 市場街 (舊金山). 三藩市城市鐵路 now plans to build an extension of its Muni Metro system to connect Union Square and Chinatown. The extension, known as the 舊金山中央地鐵, is currently scheduled for completion by 2019.
In popular culture
Scenes of the square and the surrounding neighborhood were featured in 亞弗列·希治閣's thriller 迷魂記 (1958) and the opening scene of his 鳥 (電影) was filmed at the edge of the square—the character Melanie Daniels (蒂比·海德倫) looks up and sees hundreds of birds flying in a circular pattern around the column at the center of the square.
弗朗西斯·科波拉 shot scenes of The Conversation (1974) in Union Square, where the bugged conversation which forms the foundation of the movie takes place. 菲力普·考夫曼's 1978 film Invasion of the Body Snatchers also features scenes of the square.
See also
References
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Union Square. Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks. [2012-10-14].
- ^ San Francisco Neighborhood Guide, San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ Archived copy. [February 24, 2014]. （原始內容存檔於February 28, 2014）.
- ^ [1]
- ^ Peter Booth Wiley, National Trust Guide—San Francisco: America's Guide for Architecture and History Travelers (John Wiley, 2000), pages 377–379)
- ^ History of Union Square
- ^ Baylife 98. Future, San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ Remodel To Close Union Square, San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ A square is born, San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ [2], PR Web, Oct. 4th, 2004.
- ^ http://www.visitunionsquaresf.com/the_bid/ Union Square Business Improvement District
- ^ Kim, Lilian. 10 SF firefighters suffer smoke inhalation. KGO-TV. October 14, 2009 [December 14, 2011].
- ^ Tiffany Building, Union Square. Kenmark Real Estate Group. [December 13, 2011].
- ^ Staff writers. Two alarm blaze contained at Tiffany building at Union Square. The San Francisco Examiner. October 13, 2009 [December 14, 2011]..
- ^ 15.0 15.1 Armstrong, David. 1 Cathay Pacific opens headquarters in S.F. / North American office relocated from Los Angeles 請檢查
|url=值 (幫助). The San Francisco Chronicle. February 16, 2005 [December 14, 2011]. - ^ Cathay Pacific Airways Comes Home to San Francisco (新聞稿). Cathay Pacific. February 16, 2005 [December 14, 2011].
- ^ The Landmark Choice on Union Square San Francisco Hotels at westinstfrancis.com
- ^ "The job: Coin washer" at ft.com
- ^ http://www.visitunionsquaresf.com/visit_here/shopping/ - Shopping in Union Square
External links
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維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：Doraeeemon/沙盒2 |
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維基導遊上的相關旅行指南：Union Square-Financial District |
- Union Square's official website
- 360 degree panoramic photographs of San Francisco's Union Square, from Don Bain's 360° Panoramas
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Category:Union Square, San Francisco Category:Squares in San Francisco Category:Entertainment districts in California Category:Shopping districts and streets in the United States Category:Shopping malls in San Francisco Category:California Historical Landmarks Category:Economy of San Francisco Category:Tourist attractions in San Francisco