^Lesley Adkins,Roy A.Adkins(1998).Handbook to Life in Ancient Greece.Oxford University Press,USA.ISBN 9780195124910.
外部連結
Brain, Peter. Galen on bloodletting : a study of the origins, development, and validity of his opinions, with a translation of the three works. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1986. ISBN 0-521-32085-2.
von Staden, Heinrich. Experiment and Experience in Hellenistic Medicine. Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies. 1975, 22 (1): 178–199. doi:10.1111/j.2041-5370.1975.tb00340.x.