芳香化酶

芳香酶
已知的結構 PDB 直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB PDBID列表 3EQM、​3S79、​3S7S、​4GL5、​4GL7、​4KQ8
識別號
別名	CYP19A1；, ARO, ARO1, CPV1, CYAR, CYP19, CYPXIX, P-450AROM, cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1
外部ID	OMIM：107910 MGI：88587 HomoloGene：30955 GeneCards：CYP19A1
相關疾病
aromatase excess syndrome
為以下藥物的標靶
氨魯米特、​阿那曲唑、​azalanstat、​依西美坦、​法屈唑、​來曲唑、​睾內脂
基因位置（人類） 染色體 15號染色體 基因座 15q21.2 起始 51,208,057 bp 終止 51,338,601 bp
基因位置（小鼠） 染色體 小鼠9號染色體 基因座 9 A5.3|9 29.49 cM 起始 54,073,221 bp 終止 54,175,394 bp
RNA表達模式
查閱更多表達數據
基因本體 分子功能 • iron ion binding • oxygen binding • 金屬離子結合 • monooxygenase activity • heme binding • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen • electron transfer activity • oxidoreductase activity • aromatase activity • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen • steroid hydroxylase activity 細胞組分 • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • 內質網 • 膜 • integral component of membrane 生物學過程 • estrogen biosynthetic process • androgen metabolic process • negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response • prostate gland growth • sterol metabolic process • negative regulation of macrophage chemotaxis • steroid biosynthetic process • female gonad development • female genitalia development • 乳腺發育 • uterus development • testosterone biosynthetic process • androgen catabolic process • positive regulation of estradiol secretion • 電子傳遞鏈 Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
物種	人類	小鼠
Entrez	1588	13075
Ensembl	ENSG00000137869	ENSMUSG00000032274
UniProt	P11511	P28649
mRNA​序列	NM_000103 ​NM_001347248 ​NM_001347249 ​NM_001347250 ​NM_001347251 ​NM_001347252 ​NM_001347253 ​NM_001347254 ​NM_001347255 ​NM_001347256 ​NM_031226	NM_007810 ​NM_001348171 ​NM_001348172 ​NM_001348173
蛋白序列	NP_000094 ​NP_001334177 ​NP_001334178 ​NP_001334179 ​NP_001334180 ​NP_001334181 ​NP_001334182 ​NP_001334183 ​NP_001334184 ​NP_001334185 ​NP_112503	NP_001335100 ​NP_001335101 ​NP_001335102 ​NP_031836
基因位置​（UCSC）	Chr 15: 51.21 – 51.34 Mb	Chr 9: 54.07 – 54.18 Mb
PubMed​查找
維基數據
檢視/編輯人類 檢視/編輯小鼠

芳香化酶、芳香酶（EC 1.14.14.14、英語：Aromatase），也稱為雌激素合成酶（英語：estrogen synthetase）或雌激素合酶（英語：estrogen synthase），是一種單加氧酶，負責雌激素生物合成的關鍵步驟。由人體基因CYP19A1編碼，是CYP450酶蛋白質超家族成員，可催化類固醇生成涉及的許多反應。催化涉及甾體激素合成步驟中從雄激素到雌激素的芳香化反應。芳香化酶在許多人體組織中出現，如生殖腺（顆粒細胞）、腦、脂肪組織、胎盤、血管、皮膚和骨骼，對青春期的第二性徵發育有重要作用。

芳香酶催化的睾酮轉化到雌二醇的反應。類固醇由四個稠合的環（標記為A到D）組成。芳香酶將標記為A環芳香化

芳香化酶的催化機理：雄烯二酮轉化為雌酮的芳香酶催化機理。雄激素的19-甲基基團經過連續三次羥基化和脫水後，再以甲酸形式消去，同時A環發生芳香化

催化機理

雄烯二酮 + 3O₂ + 3NADPH + 3H⁺ $\rightleftharpoons$ 雌酮 + Formate + 4H₂O + 3NADP⁺

睾酮 + 3O₂ + 3NADPH + 3H⁺ $\rightleftharpoons$ 雌二醇 + Formate + 4H₂O + 3NADP⁺

芳香酶催化的睾酮轉化到雌二醇的反應。類固醇由四個稠合的環（標記為A到D）組成。芳香酶將標記為A環芳香化

芳香化酶的催化機理：雄烯二酮轉化為雌酮的芳香酶催化機理。雄激素的19-甲基基團經過連續三次羥基化和脫水後，再以甲酸形式消去，同時A環發生芳香化

進一步閱讀

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• Bulun SE, Takayama K, Suzuki T, Sasano H, Yilmaz B, Sebastian S. Organization of the human aromatase p450 (CYP19) gene. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine. February 2004, 22 (1): 5–9. PMID 15083376. doi:10.1055/s-2004-823022. 
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外部連結

• "U.S. study of gay sheep may shed light on sexuality", via WikiNews, 15 August 2005.
• Human CYP19A1 genome location and CYP19A1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.