热带森林
热带森林是位于热带的森林,大致位于北回归线与南回归线之间。有些树林很难被确定为热带森林。虽然温带地区的森林很容易根据树冠密度进行区分,但这种方法并不适用于热带森林[1]。无论是在热带地区还是在其他地区,都没有一个单一的方法来界定什么是森林[2]。不过热带森林确实分布广泛,它的面积将近世界森林总面积的一半[3],为45%,其次是寒带、温带和亚热带地区的森林[4]。2018年有超过360万公顷的热带原始森林消失[5]。
参考文献
- ^ Putz, Francis E.; Redford, Kent H. The Importance of Defining 'Forest': Tropical Forest Degradation, Deforestation, Long-term Phase Shifts, and Further Transitions. Biotropica (Wiley). September 14, 2009, 42 (1): 10–20. ISSN 0006-3606. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00567.x.
- ^ Anatoly Shvidenko, Charles Victor Barber, Reidar Persson et al. 2005 "Millennium Ecosystem Assessment." Ecosystems and human wellbeing: a framework for assessment Washington, DC: Island Press
- ^ D’Annunzio, Rémi, Lindquist, Erik J., MacDicken, Kenneth G. 2017 “Global forest land-use change from 1990 to 2010:an update to a global remote sensing survey of forests Forest Resource Assessment Working Paper 187” FAO, Rome.
- ^ Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 – Key findings. FAO. 2020. ISBN 978-92-5-132581-0. doi:10.4060/ca8753en.
- ^ Human society under urgent threat from loss of Earth's natural life. Scientists reveal 1 million species at risk of extinction in damning UN report (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) 6 May 2019 Guardian