玉黍螺属
玉黍螺属
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| The shell of this individual of Littoraria irrorata is covered with the lichen Pyrenocollema halodytes | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 软体动物门 Mollusca |
| 纲： | 腹足纲 Gastropoda |
| 目： | 玉黍螺目 Littorinimorpha |
| 科： | 玉黍螺科 Littorinidae |
| 亚科： | 玉黍螺亚科 Littorininae |
| 属： | 玉黍螺属 Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834[1] |
| 模式种 | |
| Littorina pulchra Sowerby, 1832 | |
玉黍螺属（学名：Littoraria），又名滨螺属[2]，为玉黍螺科之下的一个属，旧属中腹足目，今已重新分类为玉黍螺目玉黍螺总科的成员[3]。
本属有超过50个物种，然而有廿多个品种现时认为其实只是变化多端的粗纹玉黍螺（Littorina scabra）的异名物种[4]。
本属的物种大多数都在印度洋－西太平洋海域及东太平洋的热带海域生活，通常于当地的热带红树林的树干、树身或地表根（托根）之上，高达潮胀位数米以上。这些海螺以在红树林生长的海藻、附生植物、菌类、硅藻和叶子的表面为食[5]。一般生活于较高位置的物种，其外壳也相对较薄，但色彩更丰富。
Littoraria aberrans是本属唯一会发生囊内变态的卵胎生物种。
物种
本属常见的物种包括有：
- Littoraria aberrans Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria ahenea Reid, 1986
- 白色玉黍螺 Littoraria albicans Metcalfe, 1852
- Littoraria angulifera Lamarck, 1822 - mangrove periwinkle
- Littoraria angulifera hessei Boettger 1912
- 翻唇玉黍螺 Littoraria ardouiniana Heude, 1885
- 蔴花玉黍螺 Littoraria articulata Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria bengalensis Reid, 2001
- Littoraria carinifera Menke, 1830
- Littoraria cingulata Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria cingulifera Dunker, 1845
- 草莓玉黍螺 Littoraria coccinea (Gmelin, 1791)
- Littoraria conica Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria delicatula Nevill, 1885
- Littoraria filosa (G.B. Sowerby I, 1832)
- Littoraria fasciata Sowerby, 1832
- † Littoraria flammea Philippi, 1847
- Littoraria flava King & Broderip, 1832
- Littoraria flavaosa King & Broderip, 1832
- Littoraria ianthostoma Stuckey & D.G. Reid, 2002
- 居间玉黍螺 Littoraria intermedia Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria irrorata Say, 1822 - marsh periwinkle
- Littoraria kraussi Rosewater, 1970
- 芝麻玉黍螺 Littoraria lutea Philippi, 1847
- Littoraria luteola Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
- 毛里求斯玉黍螺 Littoraria mauritiana Lamarck, 1822
- 黑口玉黍螺 Littoraria melanostoma Gray, 1839
- Littoraria miodelicatula Oyama, 1950
- Littoraria nebulosa Lamarck, 1822 - cloudy periwinkle
- Littoraria obesa Gmelin, 1791
- 多彩玉黍螺 Littoraria pallescens Philippi, 1846
- 菲力玉黍螺 Littoraria philippiana Reeve, 1857
- 细点玉黍螺 Littoraria pintado Wood, 1820
- Littoraria planaxis Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria punctata Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria rosewateri Reid, 1999
- 粗纹玉黍螺 Littoraria scabra Philippi, 1847
- 中华玉黍螺 Littoraria sinensis Philippi, 1847
- Littoraria Philippi, 1847
- Littoraria strigata Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria subvittata Reid, 1986
- Littoraria sulculosa Philippi, 1846
- Littoraria tessellata Philippi, 1847
- 波纹玉黍螺 Littoraria undulata Gray, 1839
- Littoraria varia Sowerby, 1832
- Littoraria variegata Souleyet, in Eydoux & Souleyet, 1852
- Littoraria vespacea Reid, 1986
- Littoraria zebra Donovan, 1825 - zebra periwinkle
下列物种被认为是其他物种的同种异名：
- Littoraria glabrata Philippi, 1846：是 Littoraria coccinea glabrata (Philippi, 1846)的同种异名。
参考文献
- ^ Griffith & Pidgeon (1834). In: Griffith's Cuvier, Anim. Kingd., Moll., etc.: 578.
- ^ 香港紅樹林的動物. 香港特别行政区渔农自然护理署. 2014-07-11 [2015-02-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-02） （中文（繁体））.
- ^ Bouchet P, Reid DG, Martinez O, Vanden Berghe E. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 编. Littoraria Gray, 1833. MolluscaBase. 2011-08-29 [2018-05-30] –通过WoRMS.
- ^ Reid, David G. The littorinid molluscs of mangrove forests in the Indo-Pacific region. London: British Museum (Natural History). 1986 （英语）.
- ^ Christensen, J. T. Diet in Littoraria. Hydrobiologia. 1998, 378 (1/3): 235–236. doi:10.1023/A:1003226713667.
延伸阅读
- REID David G. New data on the taxonomy and distribution of the genus Littoraria Griffith and Pidgeon, 1834 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in Indo-West Pacific mangroveforests. The Nautilus. 2001, 115 (4): 115–139.
- REID, D G 1986. The Littorinid Molluscs of Mangrove Forests in the Indo-Pacific Region: the genus Littoraria. British Museum (Natural History), London. 228 pp.
- Reid D.G. The genus Littoraria. Veliger. 1999, 42: 21–53.
- Reid D.G. & Mak, Y-M. Indirect evidence for ecophenotypic plasticity in radular dentition of Littoraria species (Gastropoda: Littorinidae). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 1999, 65 (3): 355–370. doi:10.1093/mollus/65.3.355.
- Reid D.G. The phylogeny of Littoraria (Gastropoda: Littorinidae): an example of the practice and application of cladistic analysis. Phuket Marine Biological Center Special Publication. 1999, 19: 283–322.
