用户:Msnhinet8jp/拜尔德

Richard Evelyn Byrd
出生	(1888-10-25)1888年10月25日 Winchester, Virginia
逝世	1957年3月11日(1957岁—03—11)（68岁） Boston, Massachusetts
Place of burial	Arlington National Cemetery
效命	United States of America
军种	United States Navy
服役年份	1912-1927 1940-1947
军衔	Rear Admiral
参与战争	World War II
获得勋章	Medal of Honor Navy Cross Navy Distinguished Service Medal Distinguished Flying Cross Legion of Merit

拜尔德 Richard Evelyn Byrd, Jr., 拜尔德1888年10月25日—1957年3月11日）是20世纪一位美国海军少将，曾经在西元1947年组探险队前往北极探险。

祖先

He was a descendant of one of the First Families of Virginia. His ancestors included planter John Rolfe and his wife Pocahontas, William Byrd II of Westover Plantation, who established Richmond, and Robert "King" Carter, a colonial governor. He was the brother of Virginia Governor and U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, a dominant figure in Virginia Democratic Party between the 1920s and 1960s; their father served as Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates for a time.

家庭成员

Admiral Byrd was married (20 January 1915) to the former Marie Donaldson Ames [he named a region of Antarctic land he discovered “Marie Byrd Land”] and had four children:

• Richard Evelyn Jr., (grandchildren Richard Byrd, Leverett S. Byrd, Ames Byrd, and Harry Flood Byrd II)
• Evelyn Bolling Byrd Clarke (grandchildren Evelyn Byrd Clarke, Marie Ames Clarke, Eleanor Clarke, and Richard Byrd Clarke)
• Catherine Agnes Byrd Breyer (grandchildren Robert Byrd Breyer and Katherine Ames Breyer)
• Helen Byrd Stabler (grandchildren David Stabler and Ann Blanchard Stabler)

教育和美国海军

Byrd attended the Virginia Military Institute before financial circumstances inspired his transfer to the United States Naval Academy in 1912. He learned to fly in World War I during his tour with the United States Navy. He developed a passion for flight, and pioneered many techniques for navigating airplanes over the open ocean including drift indicators and bubble sextants. His expertise in this area resulted in his appointment to plan the flight path for the U.S. Navy's 1919 transatlantic crossing. Of the three flying boats that attempted it, only Albert Read's NC-4 aircraft completed the trip, becoming the first ever transatlantic flight.

前进北极

公元1947年2月19日拜尔德少将和几名军人组成探险队，准备前往北极进行探险，去北极探险结束后写下下段日记在近十年才公布的内容。

日记的描述

“ 英文原文:

0600 Hours- All preparations are complete for our flight northward and we are airborne with full fuel tanks at 0610 Hours.

0620 Hours- fuel mixture on starboard engine seems too rich, adjustment made and Pratt Whittneys are running smoothly.

0730 Hours- Radio Check with base camp. All is well and radio reception is normal.

0740 Hours- Note slight oil leak in starboard engine, oil pressure indicator seems normal, however.

0800 Hours- Slight turbulence noted from easterly direction at altitude of 2321 feet, correction to 1700 feet, no further turbulence, but tail wind increases, slight adjustment in throttle controls, aircraft performing very well now.

0815 Hours- Radio Check with base camp, situation normal.

0830 Hours- Turbulence encountered again, increase altitude to 2900 feet, smooth flight conditions again.

0910 Hours- Vast Ice and snow below, note coloration of yellowish nature, and disperse in a linear pattern. Altering course foe a better examination of this color pattern below, note reddish or purple color also. Circle this area two full turns and return to assigned compass heading. Position check made again to base camp, and relay information concerning colorations in the Ice and snow below.

0910 Hours- Both Magnetic and Gyro compasses beginning to gyrate and wobble, we are unable to hold our heading by instrumentation. Take bearing with Sun compass, yet all seems well. The controls are seemingly slow to respond and have sluggish quality, but there is no indication of Icing!

0915 Hours- In the distance is what appears to be mountains.

0949 Hours- 29 minutes elapsed flight time from the first sighting of the mountains, it is no illusion. They are mountains and consisting of a small range that I have never seen before!

0955 Hours- Altitude change to 2950 feet, encountering strong turbulence again.

1000 Hours- We are crossing over the small mountain range and still proceeding northward as best as can be ascertained. Beyond the mountain range is what appears to be a valley with a small river or stream running through the center portion. There should be no green valley below! Something is definitely wrong and abnormal here! We should be over Ice and Snow! To the portside are great forests growing on the mountain slopes. Our navigation Instruments are still spinning, the gyroscope is oscillating back and forth!

1005 Hours- I alter altitude to 1400 feet and execute a sharp left turn to better examine the valley below. It is green with either moss or a type of tight knit grass. The Light here seems different. I cannot see the Sun anymore. We make another left turn and we spot what seems to be a large animal of some kind below us. It appears to be an elephant! NO!!! It looks more like a mammoth! This is incredible! Yet, there it is! Decrease altitude to 1000 feet and take binoculars to better examine the animal. It is confirmed - it is definitely a mammoth-like animal! Report this to base camp.

1030 Hours- Encountering more rolling green hills now. The external temperature indicator reads 74 degrees Fahrenheit! Continuing on our heading now. Navigation instruments seem normal now. I am puzzled over their actions. Attempt to contact base camp. Radio is not functioning!

1130 Hours- Countryside below is more level and normal (if I may use that word). Ahead we spot what seems to be a city!!!! This is impossible! Aircraft seems light and oddly buoyant. The controls refuse to respond!! My GOD!!! Off our port and starboard wings are a strange type of aircraft. They are closing rapidly alongside! They are disc-shaped and have a radiant quality to them. They are close enough now to see the markings on them. It is a type of Swastika!!! This is fantastic. Where are we! What has happened. I tug at the controls again. They will not respond!!!! We are caught in an invisible vice grip of some type!

1135 Hours- Our radio crackles and a voice comes through in English with what perhaps is a slight Nordic or Germanic accent! The message is: 'Welcome, Admiral, to our domain. We shall land you in exactly seven minutes! Relax, Admiral, you are in good hands.' I note the engines of our plane have stopped running! The aircraft is under some strange control and is now turning itself. The controls are useless.

1140 Hours- Another radio message received. We begin the landing process now, and in moments the plane shudders slightly, and begins a descent as though caught in some great unseen elevator! The downward motion is negligible, and we touch down with only a slight jolt!

1145 Hours- I am making a hasty last entry in the flight log. Several men are approaching on foot toward our aircraft. They are tall with blond hair. In the distance is a large shimmering city pulsating with rainbow hues of color. I do not know what is going to happen now, but I see no signs of weapons on those approaching. I hear now a voice ordering me by name to open the cargo door. I comply. 。

”

“ 中文:

曾于1947年2月率领一支探险队，从北极进入地球内部，并发现了一个庞大的飞碟基地和地面上已绝种的动植物，在这个基地里还居住着拥有高科技的 “巨人”。但这一信息却一直被美国政府长期封锁著。

拜尔德飞行日记所载，探险队驻扎在北极地区某一基地内。1947年2月19日，一切准备就绪后，他们朝北方进行飞行探测。圆形六分仪和指南针均经过再三检验，无线电通讯也正常。

他们到达飞行高度707米时，东风带来轻微地震动，下降到518米时，飞机又趋于稳定，但尾风增强，后又产生震动，爬升到610米则又一切平稳。这时，他们看到地面上覆盖着无尽的冰雪，呈现出微黄色的光泽，但奇怪地分散成直线状，还略微透出微红色和紫色。

拜尔德除将此奇景立即电告基地外，又环绕飞行两圈。这时，他发现指南针和六分仪不停地旋转抖动，无法测出飞行方向，接着，看到地面不再有冰雪，远方出现了山脉。那些山脉的范围并不大，但决不是幻觉。此时已飞行29分钟。

爬升至900米时，拜尔德的飞机遭遇到强烈地震动。继续朝北飞越这些山脉后，他竟然看到了春意盎然的山谷，山谷中有小溪流过，左边的山坡上分布着茂密的森林。此时罗盘又开始旋转，并在两点之间来回摆动。于是他下降至427米，向左急转，以便仔细观察这个山谷。他看到青苔或稠密的青草覆盖着的地面，但这里的光线却非常奇特，因为并没有看到阳光。

他还看见了似乎是大象的动物，再下降至305米，在望远镜中他吃惊地发现了地球上本已绝种的猛兽！继而又看到绿色的起伏山丘，外面的温度为27℃，各种仪器恢复正常，无线电通讯却失灵了。

地面更趋于平坦，拜尔德发现竟然有城市存在，而空中的飞行器似乎具有神奇的浮力。在舱门上端和右侧出现碟形发光飞行器，上面有无法形容的符号。结果，拜尔德的飞机被一股无形的力量所吸住，无法加以控制。

更不可思议的事情随即发生，无线电发出的哗哗声中竟然传出带着北欧语言或德语音调的英语：“欢迎将军的光临”，并称不必担心，7分钟之后将安全降落。

接着，飞机的引擎停止运转，飞机在轻微地震动中平安着陆，好像是由看不见的升降机支撑著。几位金发碧眼、皮肤白皙、体形高大的人出现了，这些人并没有携带任何武器。而这座城市闪闪发光，有规律地发出彩虹般的色彩。拜尔德和无线电通讯员受到热忱地款待，他们登上了没有轮子的平台车，急速奔向灿烂的城市。城市似乎是用水晶修筑而成。随后，他们走进一巨大的建筑物里，饮用风味绝佳的热饮料。10分钟后，拜尔德暂时离开通讯员，进入一架升降机，向下运转数分钟，后来升降机的门朝上无声地开启，他走过充满玫瑰红色的走廊，光线似乎是从墙壁上放射出来的。他在一扇巨大的门前停下，门上有奇特的文字。在进入该房间之后所发生的事情更具有震撼性。拜尔德一再使用“前所未有”、“不可思议”、“难以形容”等词汇来描述他亲眼看到的华丽精致的房间，那些人的声音既悦耳又热忱，他们告诉将军，因他具有高贵的素质，并在“地表”世界有一定的知名度，所以让他入境。

那些人还告诉他，这个地下世界名为“阿里亚尼”，自从美军在日本广岛投下两颗原子弹以后，他们才开始关注外面的世界，并在那个危机四伏的时代，派遣许多飞行器到地表展开调查。他们表示，地下世界的科技和文化要比地上世界进步数千年，原先他们并没有干涉地上世界的战争的想法，但因为不愿再见到人类使用原子武器，因此派出密使访问超级大国，可未受重视。这次借邀请将军的机会，传达地上世界可能会走上自我毁灭的信息。那些人抱怨说，他们派出的人在地上世界受到了不友好的待遇，而飞行器也常遭战机恶意攻击。人类文明之花惨遭蹂躏，阴暗的幕罩已经降临，全世界将陷入极度的不安之中。黑暗时代将出现，但新世界将从废墟中再生，地下世界的人类会协助地上世界的人类重建家园。

拜尔德在结束会晤后，沿原路返回，与满脸狐疑的通讯员会合。在两架飞行器的引导下，他们升至823米，然后平安返回基地。临行之前无线电传来德语“再见”的声音，27分钟后着陆。

1947年2月，拜尔德出席美国国防部的参谋会议，所有的陈述均有详细记录，并且向杜鲁门总统做了汇报。会议历时6小时40分钟，他还接受了最高安全部门及医疗小组的调查，后被有关方面告之严守秘密。拜尔德身为军人，只能服从命令。但他仍在1965年12月24日的日记中写到：“那块土地在北极，那个基地是一个巨大的谜。”

”

参见

• List of Antarctic expeditions
• List of Medal of Honor recipients
• Laurence McKinley Gould
• Mount Iphigene

参考资料

• Time (magazine); Monday, November 8, 1926. Born. To Mrs. Marie Ames Byrd, of Winchester, Virginia, and Boston, a daughter. Mrs. Byrd is the wife of Lieut. Commander Richard Evelyn Byrd, U.S.N., who flew to the North Pole and back from Spitsbergen last spring. Lieutenant Byrd's brother, Harry F. Byrd, is Governor of Virginia.
• Rodgers, Eugene. Beyond the Barrier: The Story of Byrd's First Expedition to Antarctica. United States Naval Institute. 1997. ISBN 978-1557507136. 
• 原文日记