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雙母音

本頁使用了標題或全文手工轉換
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American English pronunciation of no highway cowboys, showing five diphthongs: / ɔɪ/

雙母音(diphthong)是一種複母音(compound vowel),又稱雙母音二合複母音,在語音學中,指聯合的兩個母音,它們作為一個整體出現。之間有平滑的過渡,也就是說,雙母音中的發音牽涉到兩種不同的舌位,並且從其中一種舌位滑動到另一舌位。在國際音標 (IPA) 中,單母音用一個字母表示,如[ʌ]。雙母音用兩個字母表示,如[aɪ]響度較低的字母可以加上  ̯ 符號以表示它是雙母音的一部份,例如 [aɪ̯]

雙母音的類型

雙母音依響度的變化可分為上升雙母音與下降雙母音(或稱上升複母音與下降複母音)。上升複母音以響度較低的母音開始,以響度較高的母音結束,例如 [ɪ̯a]。下降複母音以響度較高的母音開始,以響度較低的母音結束,例如 [aɪ̯]。在某些語言或研究中,會將下降複母音視為真正的雙母音,至於上升複母音則傾向於被當作相鄰出現的兩個母音。例如在漢語中,上升複母音常被當作介音主要母音的結合,而下降複母音則被當作一個整體的押韻單位。

參見

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