異炔諾酮

**異炔諾酮**
臨床資料
商品名（英語：Drug nomenclature）	Enovid (with mestranol), others
其他名稱	Norethynodrel; Noretinodrel Norethinodrel; NYD; SC-4642; NSC-15432; 5(10)-Norethisterone; 17α-Ethinyl-19-nor-5(10)-testosterone; 17α-Ethynyl-δ5(10)-19-nortestosterone; 17α-Ethynylestr-5(10)-en-17β-ol-3-one; 19-Nor-17α-pregn-5(10)-en-20-yn-17β-ol-3-one
給藥途徑	口服給藥
藥物類別（英語：Drug class）	Progestin; Progestogen; Estrogen
ATC碼	G03FA09 (WHO) ;
藥物動力學數據
血漿蛋白結合率	Noretynodrel: to albumin and not to SHBG or CBG
藥物代謝	Liver, intestines (hydroxylation, isomerization, conjugation)
代謝產物	• 3α-Hydroxynoretynodrel; • 3β-Hydroxynoretynodrel; • Norethisterone; • Ethinylestradiol• Conjugates
生物半衰期	Very short (< 30 minutes)
排泄途徑	Breast milk: 1%
識別資訊
	IUPAC命名法 (8R,9S,13S,14S,17R)-17-ethynyl-17-hydroxy-13-methyl-1,2,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one; ;
CAS號	68-23-5
PubChem CID	6231;
DrugBank	DB09371 ;
ChemSpider	5995 ;
UNII	88181ACA0M;
KEGG	D05207;
ChEBI	CHEBI:34895 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1387 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英語：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID3021069 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.620
化學資訊
化學式	C20H26O2
摩爾質量	298.419 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英語：JSmol））	交互式圖像;
	SMILES O=C4CCC\1=C(\CC[C@@H]2[C@@H]/1CC[C@]3([C@H]2CC[C@]3(C#C)O)C)C4;
	InChI InChI=1S/C20H26O2/c1-3-20(22)11-9-18-17-6-4-13-12-14(21)5-7-15(13)16(17)8-10-19(18,20)2/h1,16-18,22H,4-12H2,2H3/t16-,17-,18+,19+,20+/m1/s1 ; Key:ICTXHFFSOAJUMG-SLHNCBLASA-N ;

異炔諾酮（英語：Noretynodrel 或英語：norethynodrel，商品名：Enovid等）是一種黃體製劑藥物，過去被用於口服避孕藥以及治療一些婦科疾病，但現在已不再使用^[3]^[6]^[7]^[8]。異炔諾酮和炔諾酮的不同之處在於雙鍵位於5(10)號位而非4(5)號位。

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Kuhl H. Pharmacokinetics of oestrogens and progestogens. Maturitas. September 1990, 12 (3): 171–97. PMID 2170822. doi:10.1016/0378-5122(90)90003-O.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Jin Y, Duan L, Chen M, Penning TM, Kloosterboer HJ. Metabolism of the synthetic progestogen norethynodrel by human ketosteroid reductases of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2012, 129 (3–5): 139–44. PMC 3303946 . PMID 22210085. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.12.002.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 Kuhl H. Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration (PDF). Climacteric. 2005,. 8 Suppl 1: 3–63 [2019-06-30]. PMID 16112947. doi:10.1080/13697130500148875. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-08-22）.
^ Kuhl H. Pharmacology of Progestogens (PDF). J Reproduktionsmed Endokrinol. 2011, 8 (1): 157–177 [2019-07-10]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-10-11）.
^ Hammerstein J. Prodrugs: advantage or disadvantage?. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1990, 163 (6 Pt 2): 2198–203. PMID 2256526.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Sweetman, Sean C. (編). Sex hormones and their modulators. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference 36th. London: Pharmaceutical Press. 2009: 2120–2121. ISBN 978-0-85369-840-1.
^ Jucker. Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques. Birkhäuser. 21 December 2013: 85–88 [2019-06-30]. ISBN 978-3-0348-7065-8. （原始內容存檔於2021-03-14）.
^ Lara Marks. Sexual Chemistry: A History of the Contraceptive Pill. Yale University Press. 2010: 74–75. ISBN 978-0-300-16791-7.

[pmid2170822-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Kuhl H. Pharmacokinetics of oestrogens and progestogens. Maturitas. September 1990, 12 (3): 171–97. PMID 2170822. doi:10.1016/0378-5122(90)90003-O.

[pmid22210085-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Jin Y, Duan L, Chen M, Penning TM, Kloosterboer HJ. Metabolism of the synthetic progestogen norethynodrel by human ketosteroid reductases of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2012, 129 (3–5): 139–44. PMC 3303946 . PMID 22210085. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.12.002.

[pmid16112947-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 Kuhl H. Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration (PDF). Climacteric. 2005,. 8 Suppl 1: 3–63 [2019-06-30]. PMID 16112947. doi:10.1080/13697130500148875. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-08-22）.

[Kuhl2011-4] Kuhl H. Pharmacology of Progestogens (PDF). J Reproduktionsmed Endokrinol. 2011, 8 (1): 157–177 [2019-07-10]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2016-10-11）.

[pmid2256526-5] Hammerstein J. Prodrugs: advantage or disadvantage?. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1990, 163 (6 Pt 2): 2198–203. PMID 2256526.

[Martindale-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Sweetman, Sean C. (編). Sex hormones and their modulators. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference 36th. London: Pharmaceutical Press. 2009: 2120–2121. ISBN 978-0-85369-840-1.

[Jucker2013-7] Jucker. Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques. Birkhäuser. 21 December 2013: 85–88 [2019-06-30]. ISBN 978-3-0348-7065-8. （原始內容存檔於2021-03-14）.

[Marks2010-8] Lara Marks. Sexual Chemistry: A History of the Contraceptive Pill. Yale University Press. 2010: 74–75. ISBN 978-0-300-16791-7.

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