量子四位元(Ququads; Quaternary Quantum)是使用|0⟩、|1⟩、|2⟩、|3⟩作為資訊的基本單位,類似古典位元的四進位。[1]
理論描述
,
![{\displaystyle |\alpha |^{2}+|\beta |^{2}+|\gamma |^{2}+|\delta |^{2}=1\,}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dc2d66d3d57324320574727c485b1cd8024c007c)
![{\displaystyle |0\rangle ={\begin{bmatrix}1\\0\\0\\0\end{bmatrix}},|1\rangle ={\begin{bmatrix}0\\1\\0\\0\end{bmatrix}},|2\rangle ={\begin{bmatrix}0\\0\\1\\0\end{bmatrix}},|3\rangle ={\begin{bmatrix}0\\0\\0\\1\end{bmatrix}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e62c64b43f2adbcfba7ec3170beb015bc24f1c44)
使用兩個量子組合的四進位系統,
相當於古典位元
,其組合為:
參考文獻
- ^ Abdollah Norouzi Doshanlou, Majid Haghparast, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Midia Reshadi. Efficient design of quaternary quantum comparator with only a single ancillary input 2020.01.14. The Institution of Engineering and Technology Journals.