量子四比特(Ququads; Quaternary Quantum)是使用|0⟩、|1⟩、|2⟩、|3⟩作为信息的基本单位,类似古典比特的四进位。[1]
理论描述
,
![{\displaystyle |\alpha |^{2}+|\beta |^{2}+|\gamma |^{2}+|\delta |^{2}=1\,}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dc2d66d3d57324320574727c485b1cd8024c007c)
![{\displaystyle |0\rangle ={\begin{bmatrix}1\\0\\0\\0\end{bmatrix}},|1\rangle ={\begin{bmatrix}0\\1\\0\\0\end{bmatrix}},|2\rangle ={\begin{bmatrix}0\\0\\1\\0\end{bmatrix}},|3\rangle ={\begin{bmatrix}0\\0\\0\\1\end{bmatrix}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e62c64b43f2adbcfba7ec3170beb015bc24f1c44)
使用两个量子组合的四进位系统,
相当于古典比特
,其组合为:
参考文献
- ^ Abdollah Norouzi Doshanlou, Majid Haghparast, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Midia Reshadi. Efficient design of quaternary quantum comparator with only a single ancillary input 2020.01.14. The Institution of Engineering and Technology Journals.