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邦德事件

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近12,000年的全球气温变化图

邦德事件(英语:Bond event),又称1500年气候周期,是指北大西洋冰筏活动,与全新世以来全球气候变化有关。目前已发生八起邦德活动,周期在1,000-1,500年之间[1][2]

杰拉德·C·邦德通过哥伦比亚大学拉蒙特-多尔蒂地球观测所做了一系列北大西洋岩石轨迹的研究,于1997年发表论文,认为晚更新世以来全球气候存在1470年的周期性波动[1][3]。然而此后的研究结果表明,支持此气候循环的证据不多[2]

此外,2005年格陵兰岛冰芯英语ice core数据显示[4],这种气候变化与丹斯伽阿德-厄施格尔周期没有太大关联[2][5][6]。北大西洋冰筏活动与美国靠近大西洋地区湖泊水位下降有关,和中东地区持续55,000年的干旱也有部分关联[7][8][9][10][11]

列表

邦德活动概况

大多数邦德活动没有明显的气候变化标志,但通常伴随着气候转冷或干旱。

No. 距今
年份
备注
0 ≈ 500 ≈ 1500 AD 参见小冰期[12]
1 ≈ 1,400 ≈ 600 AD 参见民族大迁徙[12]古典晚期小冰期英语Late Antique Little Ice Age
2 ≈ 2,800 ≈ 800 BC 参见铁器时代冷期英语Iron Age Cold Epoch
3 ≈ 4,200 ≈ 2200 BC 参见4.2千年事件阿卡德帝国灭亡,埃及古王国时期结束[13][14]
4 ≈ 5,900 ≈ 3900 BC 参见5.9千年事件撒哈拉沙漠在公元前3500–3000年间重新形成,早期青铜时代约开始于公元前3300年
5 ≈ 8,200 ≈ 6200 BC 参见8.2千年事件
6 ≈ 9,400 ≈ 7400 BC 挪威冰川进行埃尔达伦活动[15],中国气候变冷[16]
7 ≈ 10,300 ≈ 8300 BC
8 ≈ 11,100 ≈ 9100 BC 新仙女木期结束,进入北方时期英语Boreal (age)[17]

对区域气候的影响

全新世氧18和氘的冰记录来自萨哈马火山、瓦斯卡兰山和伊宜马尼峰。 箭头显示可能与邦德事件有关的温度下降。

在南美洲中部安地斯山脉等偏远地区发现了邦德事件。

在热带安第斯山脉的三个冰芯记录中,已经确定了全新世早期和全新世中期期间多达六个邦德旋回。 这些记录是从萨哈马火山瓦斯卡兰山伊宜马尼峰的山峰中提取的。 探测到的周期为距今6,400年、距今5500年、距今3,700年、距今2,700年、距今1,300年和距今200年并表示温度下降。

参见

参考

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  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Obrochta, Stephen P.; Miyahara, Hiroko; Yokoyama, Yusuke; Crowley, Thomas J. A re-examination of evidence for the North Atlantic "1500-year cycle" at Site 609. Quaternary Science Reviews. 2012-11-08, 55: 23–33 [2022-04-09]. Bibcode:2012QSRv...55...23O. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.08.008. (原始内容存档于2022-04-07). 
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