X (社交网络服务)
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![]() 2023年7月起使用的标志[a] | |
![]() 2024年8月X主页的未登录页面 | |
网站类型 | 社交网络服务 |
---|---|
语言 | 多语言 |
前身 | |
业务范围 | ![]() |
持有者 | X公司(2023年至今) |
首席 | 伊隆·马斯克 |
首席执行官 | 琳达·雅克里诺 |
网址 | x.com |
注册 | 需要[b] |
现状 | 活跃 |
系统平台 | iOS、Android、Microsoft Windows、MacOS、网页 |
编程语言 | Java、Ruby、Scala、JavaScript |
X,前称Twitter,是美国X公司营运的一个社交网络服务。它是全球顶尖的社交媒体平台之一,也是世界上第5大访问量最高的网站[3][4]。用户可以发布文字消息、图片和影片,并通过点赞和转发来交互[5]。X 还提供了直接消息、视频和音频通话、书签、列表、社区、聊天机器人和社交音频功能Spaces等多种功能。
Twitter由杰克·多西、诺阿·格拉斯、比兹·斯通和埃文·威廉士于2006年3月创立。2022年,Twitter被伊隆·马斯克收购,随后在2023年7月重新将品牌名称改为X。尽管X与Twitter相似,但它新增了长篇文字[6]、账户变现[7]、音视频通话[8]、与xAI的Grok聊天机器人集成[9]、求职功能[10]和付费验证等功能,不同于Twitter基于粉丝数的验证系统[11]。它缺少Circles[12]、NFT个人资料图片[13]和个人资料中的代词等功能[14]。马斯克计划将X打造成类似WeChat的“一站式应用程序”[15]。
然而,自品牌重塑以来,X面临不少争议。推特文件的发布、记者账号停权、将媒体机构标签为“国家附属”并限制其可见度等问题引发了广泛批评[16][17]。尽管马斯克已卸任CTO,X仍在面对如错误信息[18]、仇恨言论和反犹太主义等问题[19][20]。为了应对这些指控,X公司对美国媒体事务公司和反数字仇恨中心等非营利组织采取了法律行动[21][22]。
历史
Twitter的收购
收购后的经营
2023年7月23日,马斯克宣布推出X并取代Twitter,这一过程始于将X.com域名(之前与PayPal相关)重定向到Twitter[24]。次日,标志由小鸟变为X[25],平台的主账号和相关账号也在账号名称中使用字母X[26]。@x账号原由摄影师Gene X Hwang拥有,他在2007年注册此账号。Hwang表示愿意出售此账号,但在2023年7月25日收到邮件通知公司将接管此账号。他获得了一些X周边商品和与公司领导会面的机会,但没有财务补偿[27]。到了7月27日,Android应用程序在Google Play上的名称和图标更改为X;7月31日,App Store也同样进行更改,而且Apple破例允许应用名称字符数能够小于2[28][29][30]。此时,网页版的一些Twitter品牌元素被移除,包括将推文改为“帖子”[31]。
这次重新品牌化被认为不寻常,因为Twitter的品牌在全球范围内已经非常强大,“推文”这个词已成为日常用语[32]。而这样的动作受到了批评,认为其名称和标志的商标性较弱:美国有近900家拥有“X”商标的公司[33],包括Meta Platforms拥有的与社交媒体相关的标志[34]。X标志使用黑板粗体字“X”,这个字符自1970年代以来一直出现在数学教科书中,并在Unicode中编号为U+1D54F 𝕏 MATHEMATICAL DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL X[35][36]。
重新品牌化几天后,美联社格式手册进行更新,建议记者将该平台称为“X,前称Twitter”(X, formerly known as Twitter)[37]。2023年9月,广告时代引用哈里斯民意调查指出,X的重新品牌化并未广泛普及,大多数用户和知名品牌仍称其为“Twitter”[38]。
2024年5月17日,X的网址正式从twitter.com更改为x.com[39][40]。
外观与功能
帖子
帖子默认公开可见,但发布者也可仅允许其关注者查看帖子。用户可将不想与之互动的用户静音,封锁账户以阻止其查看自己的帖子,或将账户从关注者列表中删除[41][42][43]。用户可以通过X网站以及兼容的外部应用程序发布消息,在某些国家还可使用短信(SMS)来在X上发布消息[44]。用户可通过“关注”功能订阅其他用户的帖子,订阅者被称为“关注者”[45]。用户可将其他人的帖子转发到自己的动态上,该功能被称为“转帖”;此外还有“引用”功能[46],该功能允许用户将他人的帖子嵌入在自己的帖子中,并可在自己的帖子中添加评论[47]。用户还可以“喜欢”单个帖子[48]。
用户可以通过使用主题标签(以“#”符号开头的词语)将帖子按话题或类型分组。同样,在“@
”符号后加上用户名可以提及或回复其他用户[49]。Hashflags是特殊的主题标签,会在一定时间内自动在旁边生成一个emoji表情符号[50]。Hashflags可以由X公司生成[51],也可以由企业购买[52]。用户可在发送帖子之前选择谁可以回复他的每个帖子,选项包括:任何人、发布者关注的账户、已认证账户、被提及的账户。用户也可以在发帖后可隐藏对其帖子的回复[53][54]。
X Hiring
X提供一项名为“X Hiring”的职位搜索功能,用户可以按关键字或地点搜索职位,并可以按地点类型、资历要求、就业类型和公司过滤搜索结果[10][55]。用户还可在自己的时间轴上获得个性化的工作推荐[56]。
Grok
![]() | 此章节需要扩充。 (2024年6月16日) |
Premium
![]() | 此章节需要扩充。 (2024年6月16日) |
备注
- ^ 该标志类似于数学符号U+1D54F 𝕏 MATHEMATICAL DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL X[1][2]。
- ^ 无需注册即可查看透过直接链接访问的单个帖子(不包括回复或上层帖子的回复)或浏览某些账号的热门帖子。
参考资料
- ^ Ashworth, Louis. The logo of X, formerly Twitter, wasn't actually stolen. Financial Times. July 24, 2023 [July 25, 2023]. (原始内容存档于July 24, 2023).
- ^ Musk, Elon Reeve [@elonmusk]. 𝕏 (推文). [July 30, 2023] –通过Twitter. Missing or empty |date= (help)
- ^ Challenge Validation. Similarweb. [June 11, 2024].
- ^ Kerr, Dara. Lawmakers grilled the CEOs of top social media companies in a hearing today. NPR. January 31, 2024 [June 11, 2024].
- ^ Conger, Kate. So What Do We Call Twitter Now Anyway?. The New York Times. August 3, 2023 [August 29, 2023]. ISSN 0362-4331. (原始内容存档于October 12, 2023) (美国英语).
- ^ Aadeetya, S. X Brings 'Articles' That Lets You Post Long-Form Content. News18. March 9, 2024 [June 8, 2024]. (原始内容存档于March 10, 2024).
- ^ Elon Musk announces free premium features for X Accounts with over 2500 verified subscribers. The New Indian Express. March 28, 2024 [June 8, 2024]. (原始内容存档于April 8, 2024).
- ^ The Hindu Bureau. How to control your new audio and video call privacy settings on X. The Hindu. March 2, 2024 [June 8, 2024]. (原始内容存档于March 4, 2024).
- ^ Grok will be available to X Premium Plus subscribers next week: Elon Musk. The Indian Express. November 23, 2023 [June 8, 2024]. (原始内容存档于December 4, 2023).
- ^ 10.0 10.1 X, formerly Twitter, opens job search function to all users. HR Dive. [June 10, 2024]. (原始内容存档于February 12, 2024) (美国英语).
- ^ Gerken, Tom. X gives free blue ticks to its most popular users. BBC Home. April 4, 2024 [June 8, 2024]. (原始内容存档于May 11, 2024).
- ^ Peters, Jay. X is shutting down Circles. The Verge. September 21, 2023 [June 11, 2024]. (原始内容存档于April 11, 2024).
- ^ Mehta, Ivan. X removes support for NFT profile pictures. TechCrunch. January 10, 2024 [June 11, 2024]. (原始内容存档于June 6, 2024).
- ^ Manager, Social Media. X Removes Pronoun Display Options on User Profiles. Social Media Today. March 31, 2024 [June 11, 2024]. (原始内容存档于April 8, 2024).
- ^ Ortutay, Barbara. Elon Musk wants to build a digital town square. But his debut for DeSantis had a tech failure.. AP News. May 25, 2023 [November 25, 2023]. (原始内容存档于November 23, 2023) (英语).
- ^ Stempel, Jonathan. Musk's X Corp loses lawsuit against hate speech watchdog. Reuters. March 25, 2024 [June 9, 2024].
- ^ Sengupta, Abhik; Desk, Tech. Here's What Action Facebook, Twitter, TikTok and Others Are Taking During Russia-Ukraine War. News18. March 7, 2022 [June 9, 2024]. (原始内容存档于October 24, 2022).
- ^ Influencers On X Profiting From Fake News On Israel-Gaza War: Report. NDTV.com. February 22, 2019 [June 9, 2024]. (原始内容存档于June 9, 2024).
- ^ Frenkel, Sheera; Myers, Steven Lee. Antisemitic and Anti-Muslim Hate Speech Surges Across the Internet. The New York Times. November 15, 2023 [June 9, 2024]. (原始内容存档于May 3, 2024).
- ^ Clayton, James. X ad boycott gathers pace amid antisemitism storm. BBC Home. November 18, 2023 [June 9, 2024]. (原始内容存档于November 18, 2023).
- ^ X sues Media Matters over report about ads appearing next to Nazi posts. NBC News. November 21, 2023 [June 9, 2024]. (原始内容存档于June 2, 2024).
- ^ Stempel, Jonathan. Musk's X Corp loses lawsuit against hate speech watchdog. Reuters. March 25, 2024 [June 9, 2024].
- ^ Musk, Elon [@elonmusk]. I made an offer
[www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001418091/000110465922045641/tm2212748d1_sc13da.htm sec.gov/Archives/edgar...] (推文). 2022-04-14 [2022-05-02]. (原始内容存档于2022-04-14) –通过Twitter. - ^ Davis, Wes. Twitter's rebrand to X may actually be happening soon. The Verge. July 23, 2023 [July 23, 2023]. (原始内容存档于October 13, 2023) (美国英语).
- ^ Twitter changes logo to 'X', replacing blue bird symbol.. Al Jazeera. [July 24, 2023]. (原始内容存档于July 24, 2023) (英语).
- ^ Roth, Emma. Elon Musk just changed Twitter's logo again — sort of. The Verge. July 25, 2023 [July 25, 2023]. (原始内容存档于July 25, 2023).
- ^ Titcomb, James. 'They just took it': Elon Musk takes over @x Twitter account without paying owner. The Daily Telegraph. July 26, 2023 [July 26, 2023]. ISSN 0307-1235. (原始内容存档于July 26, 2023).
- ^ X (Previously Twitter) 10.0.0-beta.0 (Arm64-v8a) (480-640dpi) (Android 6.0+) APK Download by X Corp. [August 9, 2023]. (原始内容存档于July 30, 2023).
- ^ X (Previously Twitter) 10.0.0-release.0 (Nodpi) (Android 6.0+) APK Download by X Corp. [August 9, 2023]. (原始内容存档于July 30, 2023).
- ^ Twitter gets special permission to be 'X' in the iOS App Store. July 31, 2023 [July 31, 2023]. (原始内容存档于July 31, 2023).
- ^ As Musk renames Twitter to X; 'Tweets' now 'posts', 'retweets' become 'reposts': Report. Hindustan Times. July 29, 2023 [August 14, 2023]. (原始内容存档于August 13, 2023) (英语).
- ^ Twitter was the Holy Grail of branding. Then Elon Musk ditched it. Experts question why. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. July 26, 2023 [August 9, 2023]. (原始内容存档于August 10, 2023).
- ^ Why Twitter's rebrand to X could be legally challenging. CBS News. July 25, 2023 [August 4, 2023]. (原始内容存档于August 4, 2023).
- ^ Sheth, Sonam; Sundar, Sindhu. Meta already appears to hold the rights to 'X.' It could make Twitter's rebrand complicated.. Business Insider. [August 4, 2023]. (原始内容存档于August 4, 2023).
- ^ Twitter's new 'X' logo looks suspiciously like a Unicode character - Business Insider. Business Insider. [November 9, 2023]. (原始内容存档于November 10, 2023).
- ^ Brodkin, Jon. Musk rushes out new Twitter logo—it's just an X that someone tweeted at him. Ars Technica. July 24, 2023 [August 4, 2023]. (原始内容存档于July 30, 2023).
- ^ Conger, Kate. So What Do We Call Twitter Now Anyway?. The New York Times. August 3, 2023 [August 29, 2023]. ISSN 0362-4331. (原始内容存档于October 12, 2023) (美国英语).
- ^ Nudd, Tim. Twitter users don't want to call it X — Inside the platform's marketing challenge. Advertising Age. September 15, 2023 [September 16, 2023]. (原始内容存档于September 15, 2023).
- ^ Cartwright, Jason. Goodbye Twitter.com, Welcome to X.com. techAU. May 15, 2024 [May 15, 2024]. (原始内容存档于May 15, 2024) (澳大利亚英语).
- ^ Twitter's domain is now officially x.com, Elon Musk 'tweets'. The Economic Times. May 17, 2024 [May 17, 2024]. ISSN 0013-0389. (原始内容存档于May 17, 2024).
- ^ Know Your Twitter Terms: 'Block' vs. 'Mute'. Wired. [2020-07-20]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-09).
- ^ Gibbs, Samuel. 13 reasons to mute people on Twitter. The Guardian. 2014-05-13 [2020-07-21]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-19).
- ^ Now every Twitter web user can 'soft block' annoying followers. The Verge. 2021-10-11 [2021-10-12]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-14).
- ^ Using Twitter with Your Phone. Twitter Support. [2010-06-01]. (原始内容存档于2010-03-15).
We currently support 2-way (sending and receiving) Twitter SMS via short codes and one-way (sending only) via long codes.
- ^ Stone, Biz. There's a List for That. 2009-10-30 [2010-02-01]. (原始内容存档于2013-04-29) –通过Twitter.
- ^ Porter, Jon. Twitter quote tweets are now easier to find. The Verge. 2020-09-01 [2021-05-23]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-28).
- ^ Shu, Catherine. Twitter Officially Launches Its 'Retweet With Comment' Feature. TechCrunch. 2015-04-07 [2021-05-22]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-22).
- ^ Twitter officially kills off favorites and replaces them with likes. The Verge. [2015-11-04]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-09).
- ^ Strachan, Donald. Twitter: How To Set Up Your Account
. The Daily Telegraph (London). 2009-02-19 [2011-02-13]. (原始内容存档于2022-01-10).
- ^ Magdaleno, Alex. Raise Your 'Hashflags': Twitter Reintroduces World Cup Hashtags. Mashable. 2014-06-11 [2021-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-16).
- ^ Twitter hashflags call out support for the Asian American community: Thursday Wake-Up Call. Advertising Age. 2021-03-18 [2021-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-16).
- ^ Johnson, Lauren. Twitter's Branded Emojis Come With a Million-Dollar Commitment. 2016-02-02 [2021-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-16).
- ^ Peters, Jay. Twitter is testing a way to let you limit replies to your tweets. 2020-05-20 [2021-07-14]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-09).
- ^ Peters, Jay. Twitter will let you change who can reply to a tweet after you post it. The Verge. 2021-07-13 [2021-07-14]. (原始内容存档于2021-07-16).
- ^ X Tests New Search Filters for Hiring. Social Media Today. [2024-06-10]. (原始内容存档于2024-04-01) (美国英语).
- ^ Singh, Sushant. You Will Soon Be Able To See Personalized Job Recommendations Directly In Your Timelines On X. The Tech Outlook. 2024-05-03 [2024-06-10]. (原始内容存档于2024-06-10) (美国英语).
高级阅读
- Isaac, Mike; Hirsch, Lauren; Das, Anupreeta. Inside Elon Musk's Big Plans for Twitter
. The New York Times. May 6, 2022 [February 28, 2023]. ISSN 0362-4331. (原始内容存档于October 29, 2022).
外部链接
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