氢化铟

氢化铟
	系统名; Indigane (substitutive); Trihydridoindium (additive)
别名	三氢化铟
识别
CAS号
PubChem	24000
ChemSpider	22435
SMILES	[InH3];
Gmelin	163932
ChEBI	30429
性质
化学式	InH; 3
摩尔质量	117.842 g mol−1 g·mol⁻¹
结构
配位几何	平面三角形
相关物质
相关化合物	氢化铝; 甲硼烷; 碘化氢; 碲化氢; 氢化铷; 锡烷; 氢化锑
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

三氢化铟是一种无机化合物，化学式 (InH
3)_n。三氢化铟并不溶于所有溶剂。此外，它在标准情况下不稳定。^[2]氢化铟在基质分离（英语：matrix isolation）和激光烧蚀（英语：laser ablation）实验中已观察到。^[3]^[4] 气态氢化铟的稳定性也被预测。^[5] 它的红外线光谱已由氢气气氛下，气态铟的激光烧蚀（英语：laser ablation）获得。^[6]三氢化铟是一种硼族元素的氢化物，没有实际用途。

化学性质

固态 InH₃ 为三维的聚合物结构，其中In原子以 In-H-In 的形式键接。^[6] 这种结构也可以在AlH₃中找到。^[7] 当加热到 7002183149999999999♠−90 °C时，三氢化铟会分解成铟氢合金和氢气。

其它铟的氢化物

一些含有 In-H 键的化合物已被报告。^[8] 这些例子包含三氢化铟的两个氢原子被其它基团代替而成的 K₃[K(Me₂SiO)₇][HIn(Me₃CCH₂)₃]₄^[9] 和 HIn(2-Me₂NCH₂-C₆H₄)₂。

尽管 InH₃ 本身是不稳定的，它的加合物 InH₃L_n (n = 1 或 2)是已知的。^[10] 1:1 的胺加合物可以由 LiInH₄ 和三烷基铵盐反应而成。三甲胺配合物只在 −30 °C 下或稀释溶剂下稳定。 1:1 和 1:2 的三环己基膦(PCy₃) 配合物已被发现，其中 In-H 键长平均为 168 pm。^[8] 三氢化铟也可以和NHC形成加合物。^[11]

参见

参考资料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Indigane (CHEBI:30429). Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. [2020-03-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-11）.
^ Lester Andrews, Xuefeng Wang. Infrared Spectra of Indium Hydrides in Solid Hydrogen and of Solid Indane. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2004-03-19, 43 (13): 1706–1709 [2020-03-07]. ISSN 1433-7851. doi:10.1002/anie.200353216 （英语）.
^ Pullumbi, P.; Bouteiller, Y.; Manceron, L.; Mijoule, C. Aluminium, gallium and indium trihydrides. An IR matrix isolation and ab initio study. Chemical Physics. July 1994, 185 (1): 25–37. Bibcode:1994CP....185...25P. doi:10.1016/0301-0104(94)00111-1.
^ Aldridge, S.; Downs, A. J. Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme. Chemical Reviews. 2001, 101 (11): 3305–65. PMID 11840988. doi:10.1021/cr960151d.
^ Hunt, P.; Schwerdtfeger, P. Are the Compounds InH₃ and TlH₃ Stable Gas Phase or Solid State Species?. Inorganic Chemistry. 1996, 35 (7): 2085–2088. doi:10.1021/ic950411u.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Andrews, L.; Wang, X. Infrared Spectra of Indium Hydrides in Solid Hydrogen and of Solid Indane. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2004, 43 (13): 1706–1709. PMID 15038043. doi:10.1002/anie.200353216.
^ Turley, J. W.; Rinn, H. W. The Crystal Structure of Aluminum Hydride. Inorganic Chemistry. 1969, 8 (1): 18–22. doi:10.1021/ic50071a005.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Jones, C. The stabilisation and reactivity of indium trihydride complexes. Chemical Communications. 2001, (22): 2293–2298. ISSN 1359-7345. PMID 12240044. doi:10.1039/b107285b.
^ Rowen Churchill, M.; Lake, C. H.; Chao, S.-H. L.; Beachley, O. T. Silicone grease as a precursor to a pseudo crown ether ligand: crystal structure of [K+
]
3[K(Me
2SiO)+
7][InH(CH
2CMe
3)−
3]
4. Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications. 1993, 1993 (20): 1577–1578. doi:10.1039/C39930001577.
^ Wang, X.; Andrews, L. Infrared Spectra of Indium Hydrides in Solid Hydrogen and Neon. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 20 May 2004, 108 (20): 4440–4448. Bibcode:2004JPCA..108.4440W. doi:10.1021/jp037942l.
^ Abernethy, C. D.; Cole, M. L.; Jones, C. Preparation, Characterization, and Reactivity of the Stable Indium Trihydride Complex [InH₃{IMes}]. Organometallics. 2000, 19 (23): 4852–4857. doi:10.1021/om0004951.

[Indigane_(CHEBI:30429)-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Indigane (CHEBI:30429). Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. [2020-03-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-11）.

[0-2] Lester Andrews, Xuefeng Wang. Infrared Spectra of Indium Hydrides in Solid Hydrogen and of Solid Indane. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2004-03-19, 43 (13): 1706–1709 [2020-03-07]. ISSN 1433-7851. doi:10.1002/anie.200353216 （英语）.

[3] Pullumbi, P.; Bouteiller, Y.; Manceron, L.; Mijoule, C. Aluminium, gallium and indium trihydrides. An IR matrix isolation and ab initio study. Chemical Physics. July 1994, 185 (1): 25–37. Bibcode:1994CP....185...25P. doi:10.1016/0301-0104(94)00111-1.

[4] Aldridge, S.; Downs, A. J. Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme. Chemical Reviews. 2001, 101 (11): 3305–65. PMID 11840988. doi:10.1021/cr960151d.

[5] Hunt, P.; Schwerdtfeger, P. Are the Compounds InH₃ and TlH₃ Stable Gas Phase or Solid State Species?. Inorganic Chemistry. 1996, 35 (7): 2085–2088. doi:10.1021/ic950411u.

[Wang2004-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Andrews, L.; Wang, X. Infrared Spectra of Indium Hydrides in Solid Hydrogen and of Solid Indane. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2004, 43 (13): 1706–1709. PMID 15038043. doi:10.1002/anie.200353216.

[7] Turley, J. W.; Rinn, H. W. The Crystal Structure of Aluminum Hydride. Inorganic Chemistry. 1969, 8 (1): 18–22. doi:10.1021/ic50071a005.

[Jones2001-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Jones, C. The stabilisation and reactivity of indium trihydride complexes. Chemical Communications. 2001, (22): 2293–2298. ISSN 1359-7345. PMID 12240044. doi:10.1039/b107285b.

[9] Rowen Churchill, M.; Lake, C. H.; Chao, S.-H. L.; Beachley, O. T. Silicone grease as a precursor to a pseudo crown ether ligand: crystal structure of [K+
]
3[K(Me
2SiO)+
7][InH(CH
2CMe
3)−
3]
4. Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications. 1993, 1993 (20): 1577–1578. doi:10.1039/C39930001577.

[Wang2004May-10] Wang, X.; Andrews, L. Infrared Spectra of Indium Hydrides in Solid Hydrogen and Neon. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 20 May 2004, 108 (20): 4440–4448. Bibcode:2004JPCA..108.4440W. doi:10.1021/jp037942l.

[11] Abernethy, C. D.; Cole, M. L.; Jones, C. Preparation, Characterization, and Reactivity of the Stable Indium Trihydride Complex [InH₃{IMes}]. Organometallics. 2000, 19 (23): 4852–4857. doi:10.1021/om0004951.

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