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优贝酵母

维基百科,自由的百科全书
优贝酵母
科学分类 编辑
界: 真菌界 Fungi
门: 子囊菌门 Ascomycota
纲: 酵母菌纲 Saccharomycetes
目: 酵母菌目 Saccharomycetales
科: 酵母菌科 Saccharomycetaceae
属: 酵母属 Saccharomyces
种:
优贝酵母 S. eubayanus
二名法
Saccharomyces eubayanus
J.P. Samp., Libkind, Hittinger, P. Gonç., E. Valério, C. Gonç., Dover & M. Johnst.

优贝酵母学名Saccharomyces eubayanus)是酵母属的一种真菌,为耐冷的酵母菌。用于酿造拉格啤酒巴氏酵母英语Saccharomyces pastorianus即是由优贝酵母和酿酒酵母杂交产生[1][2][3],且其两个支序(Saaz与Frohberg)可能分别来自一起独立的优贝酵母和酿酒酵母杂交事件[4][5]

优贝酵母最早于南美洲巴塔哥尼亚南青冈树样本中发现,当时认为可能是在哥伦布大交换中被引入欧洲,再于欧洲与酿酒酵母杂交产生巴氏酵母[6]。野生的优贝酵母可分为A与B两大支序,欧洲与北美的菌株序列多样性都很低,显示它们都是由很小的子支序衍生而成。[7]。但哥伦布大交换发生于1500年以后,拉格啤酒则早在15世纪的巴伐利亚已有生产。2014年有研究基于新发现的菌株,提出优贝酵母实为发源于青藏高原[8]

优贝酵母也已被成功用于酿酒[9][10]

参考文献

  1. ^ Sampaio JP. Microbe Profile: Saccharomyces eubayanus, the missing link to lager beer yeasts. Microbiology. September 2018, 164 (9): 1069–1071. PMC 6230766可免费查阅. PMID 30175956. doi:10.1099/mic.0.000677. 
  2. ^ Welsh J. 'Missing' Lager Brewing Yeast Discovered in Patagonia. Livescience.com. 22 August 2011 [2011-08-23]. (原始内容存档于2024-04-09). 
  3. ^ Kaiser T. Lager's Mystery Yeast Discovered in Argentina. Dailytech.com. [2011-08-23]. (原始内容存档于2016-12-11). 
  4. ^ Baker E, Wang B, Bellora N, Peris D, Hulfachor AB, Koshalek JA, et al. The Genome Sequence of Saccharomyces eubayanus and the Domestication of Lager-Brewing Yeasts. Molecular Biology and Evolution. November 2015, 32 (11): 2818–2831. PMC 4651232可免费查阅. PMID 26269586. doi:10.1093/molbev/msv168. 
  5. ^ Dunn B, Sherlock G. Reconstruction of the genome origins and evolution of the hybrid lager yeast Saccharomyces pastorianus. Genome Research. October 2008, 18 (10): 1610–1623. PMC 2556262可免费查阅. PMID 18787083. doi:10.1101/gr.076075.108. 
  6. ^ Libkind D, Hittinger CT, Valério E, Gonçalves C, Dover J, Johnston M, et al. Microbe domestication and the identification of the wild genetic stock of lager-brewing yeast. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. August 2011, 108 (35): 14539–14544. PMC 3167505可免费查阅. PMID 21873232. doi:10.1073/pnas.1105430108可免费查阅. 
  7. ^ Peris, David; Sylvester, Kayla; Libkind, Diego; Gonçalves, Paula; Sampaio, José Paulo; Alexander, William G.; Hittinger, Chris Todd. Population structure and reticulate evolution of S accharomyces eubayanus and its lager‐brewing hybrids. Molecular Ecology. 2014-04, 23 (8): 2031–2045. doi:10.1111/mec.12702. 
  8. ^ Bing J, Han PJ, Liu WQ, Wang QM, Bai FY. Evidence for a Far East Asian origin of lager beer yeast. Current Biology. May 2014, 24 (10): R380–R381. PMID 24845661. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.04.031可免费查阅. 
  9. ^ La cervecera Heineken compró al CONICET la patente de una levadura patagónica页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) ("The brewery Heineken bought the patent of a Patagonian yeast from CONICET. "), on: Info blanco sobre negro, Argentinia.
  10. ^ HEINEKEN introduces H41 ‘Wild Lager’, by Heineken, 6 Apr 2017. WebArchive as of 26 Oct 2020