西藏度亡经

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度亡经手抄本.

度亡经（藏语：བར་དོ་ཐོས་གྲོལ，威利转写：bar do thos grol，THL：bardo thödröl（巴多脱卓）），即《西藏度亡经》，又译为《中阴得度法》或《中阴救度密法》、《中阴闻教救度大法》，此书是伏藏，在14世纪时被发掘。由宁玛派伏藏师事业洲(Karma Gling-pa, 1376－1394)所取出的莲花生大士岩藏法《寂静忿怒密意自解脱》自称是作者为八世纪印度高僧莲花生大师留下来的伏藏密书，该书依照佛教义理介绍了人离世后处于中阴阶段的演变情形。该阶段最长49天，然后开始下一期生命。但此经书取出在西藏佛教争议颇大，格鲁派祖师宗喀巴在《广论》中就批判过这些说法，说它们“全无清净依据，唯增益执”、“堪依教典悉未说有较彼（四十九日）更久，故说过此更能久住不应道理”。故度亡经并不受格鲁派、萨迦派、噶举派的重视，流行宁玛派，近现代翻译也使欧洲中国大陆台湾人觉得新奇！

亡者的心识将幻化文武百尊，为寂静本尊相四十二尊，忿怒本尊相五十八尊。以强烈光体显现，根据莲花生所说，只要亡者在中阴时期辨识出文武百尊中任何一尊，当下即可融入本尊光体中，获得解脱。

如果有正确方法的引导，灵魂在此期间可以得到解脱、出离轮回。所以中阴救度的意义非常重要，这也是本书在一千多年来备受重视的原因。

该书由西藏喇嘛达瓦桑杜及其美国弟子温慈博士编译为英文，于1927年出版后引起国际影响。心理学家卡尔·荣格对此书进行评述，称之为他的“随身伴侣”。

本书由中华民国学者徐进夫于1982年译成中文出版，北京宗教文化出版社于1995年在大陆出版简体字版本。

参考文献

  • Coleman, Graham, Editor's introduction, Coleman, Graham (编), The Tibetan Book of the Dead: First Complete Translation, Penguin Books, 2005, ISBN 978-0143104940 
  • Conners, Peter, White Hand Society: The Psychedelic Partnership of Timothy Leary & Allen Ginsberg, City Lights Books, 2013 
  • Cuevas, Bryan J. The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
  • Evans-Wentz, W. Y. (编), The Tibetan Book of the Dead (PDF) 1957 1st (ebook translation), Oxford University Press, 1960 [1927] [2017-10-03], （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-04-15） 
  • Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (编), The Illustrated Tibetan Book of the Dead, Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books, 2013 
  • Fremantle, Francesca; Trungpa, Chögyam (编), The Tibetan Book of the Dead: The Great Liberation through Hearing in the Bardo by Guru Rinpoche according to Karma Lingpa, Boulder: Shambhala, 1975, ISBN 1-59030-059-9 
  • Fremantle, Francesca, Luminous Emptiness: understanding the Tibetan Book of the dead, Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications, 2001, ISBN 1-57062-450-X 
  • Gould, Jonathan, Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain, and America, Crown Publishing Group, 2007 
  • Leary, Timothy; Metzner, Ralph; Alpert, Richard, THE PSYCHEDELIC EXPERIENCE. A manual based on THE TIBETAN BOOK OF THE DEAD (PDF), 1964 [2017-10-03], （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-19） 
  • Lee, Martin A.; Shlain, Bruce, Acid Dreams: The Complete Social History of LSD : the CIA, the Sixties, and Beyond, Grove Press, 1992 
  • Lopez, Donald S., Jr., The Tibetan book of the dead : a biography, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0691134352 
  • Merkur, Daniel, The Formation of Hippie Spirituality: 1. Union with God. In: J. Harold Ellens (ed.), "Seeking the Sacred with Psychoactive Substances: Chemical Paths to Spirituality and to God", ABC-CLIO, 2014 
  • Miles, barry, Many Years From Now, Vintage, 1998 
  • Norbu, Namkhai, Foreword, Reynolds, John Myrdin (编), Self-liberation through seeing with naked awareness, Station Hill Press, Inc., 1989 
  • Reynolds, John Myrdin, Appendix I: The views on Dzogchen of W.Y. Evans-Wentz and C.G. Jung, Reynolds, John Myrdin (编), Self-liberation through seeing with naked awareness, Station Hill Press, Inc., 1989 
  • Valdez, Juan, The Snow Cone Diaries: A Philosopher's Guide to the Information Age, AuthorHouse, 2014 

延伸阅读

  • Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche (1991) The Bardo Guidebook Rangjung Yeshe Publications 1991.
  • Cuevas, Bryan J. (2003) The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Fremantle, Francesca (2001). Luminous Emptiness: understanding the Tibetan Book of the dead. Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications ISBN 1-57062-450-X
  • Griffin, Mark (2008) The Bardo Thodol – A Golden Opportunity. Los Angeles: HardLight Publishing. ISBN 978-0975902028
  • Lati Rinpochay & Hopkins, Jeffrey (1985) Death, Intermediate State and Rebirth, Ithaca: Snow Lion
  • Lodo, Lama (1987) Bardo Teachings. Ithaca: Snow Lion
  • Mullin, Glenn H. (1986) Death and Dying: the Tibetan Tradition Penguin-Arkana ISBN 0-14-019013-9
  • Sögyal Rinpoche, with Gaffney, Patrick & Harvey, Andrew (eds.) (1992) The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying. San Francisco: Harper ISBN 0-06-250793-1

参见

外部连接

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